Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy for Diabetic Foot Ulcer Sensation

Effect of Low Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy on Vibration Perception Threshold and Protective Sensation in Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia for extended periods of time, which causes damage to peripheral nerves, resulting in sensory, motor and autonomic dysfunction. The study will aim to assess the effect of the Low pulse electromagnetic field therapy in VPT and protective sensation in the diabetic foot ulcer. The total number of participants will be 42 (calculated by epi tool) and the participants are to be divided among two groups. Non Probability Consecutive sampling technique will be used for this study.

The data collection tools will be Wagner Classification System for Diabetic Foot Ulcers, Numerical Pain Rating Scale, Goniometry, 10 g monofilament, Tuning Fork 128 Hz will be used. After meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria and taking the written and verbal informed consent participants in one group will receive (low frequency pulsed electromagnatic field therapy and ankle Range of Motion) and other group will be receive (Sham PEMF and ankle Range of motion). Both interventions will be given three times weekly (or every other day) for 6 weeks. Vibrations perception, protective sensation, pain, ankle ROM and will be the outcome measures of the study. The data will be collected at baseline and 6 weeks. The data will be analyzed by using SPSS 23 and interpreted by using MS Word.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Participants must have a clinical diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes (HbA1c ≥ 6.5) (Bolen et al., 2016).
• Patients with Wagner grade 1 diabetic foot ulcers was selected.
• Michigan Neuropathic Screening Instrument history score ≤7 (Viswanathan et al., 2025).
• Participants showing reduced vibration perception threshold on 128Hz Tunning fork was included to confirm the presence of sensory neuropathy Associated with diabetic ulcers (Viswanathan et al., 2025).
• Sensation on 10g monofilament less then 8 point out of 10 indicate reduces Sensation.
• Participants having diabetes for more than 10 years (Grewal et al., 2015).
• Pariticipants aged between 40 to 60 years.
• Both gender were included.
• Participants who was willing to give consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Participants who have significant cognitive impairment (e.g Dementia, Alzheimer) that would prevent them from understanding and adhering to Study instructions.
• Participants with active infections requiring systemic antibiotic therapy (Kwan et al., 2015).
• Patients with comorbidities such as malignancy, severe renal disease, or Other systemic condition.
• Participants who was not taking any medicine