Smartphone Versus Back Range of Motion: Validity and Reliability in Lumbar Range of Motion Assessment

Clinimetric Properties of Smartphone Application as a Suitable Alternative to Back Range of Motion Device in Assessing the Back Range of Motion

This study aims to investigate the clinimetric properties of the iPhone Level application as a suitable alternative to the Back Range of Motion device in assessing lumbar range of motion, including flexion, extension, and lateral flexion.

Range of motion measurement is vital in physiotherapy for assessing deficits, establishing diagnoses, and planning interventions. Digital advancements now allow Range of motion assessment through devices and applications, such as the back range of motion, which is a gold standard for measuring lateral flexion due to its validity. Furthermore, studies indicate that the iPhone Level app effectively measures Range of motion in various joints, demonstrating good reliability and validity. This study aims to evaluate the reliability and concurrent validity of the iPhone Level application specifically for measuring lumbar flexion, extension, and side bending Range of motion.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age 18-25 years old
2. Healthy Male university students
3. All participants have normal BMI

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Recent back, pelvic, or abdominal surgeries, traumatic injury to the back .
2. Lower limb deformities, e.g., leg length discrepancy.
3. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
4. Any overweight or obese participants