Therapeutic Touch for Intramuscular Injection Pain

Effect of Therapeutic Touch on Intramuscular Injection Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of therapeutic touch on pain intensity associated with intramuscular injection and to examine the relationship between fear of pain and injection-related pain. Participants are assigned to either a therapeutic touch group or a control group. Pain intensity is assessed using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and fear of pain is assessed using the Fear of Pain Questionnaire.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Being between 18 and 60 years of age,
• Being literate,
• Being able to complete the Fear of Pain Questionnaire (FPQ) without missing items,
• Having no known allergy or contraindication to pheniramine hydrogen maleate,
• Not having lower respiratory tract disease/asthma and not being in pregnancy or lactation period,
• Having normal consciousness (adequate orientation and ability to follow commands),
• Not having a severe mood disorder.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Incomplete completion of the questionnaire/scale during the study,
• Having medical conditions that may affect pain perception, such as peripheral vascular disease, peripheral neuropathy, or diabetes.