Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Letrozole, L-Carnitine, and Their Combination on Sperm Quality, Oxidative Stress, and ART Outcomes in Men With Idiopathic Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia: A Three-Arm Randomized Clinical Trial.
Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Letrozole, L-Carnitine, and Their Combination on Sperm Quality, Oxidative Stress, and ART Outcomes in Men With Idiopathic Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia: A Three-Arm Randomized Clinical Trial.
This is a randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of Letrozole, L-Carnitine, and their combination on sperm quality, oxidative stress, and ART outcomes in men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia.
This three-arm randomized controlled trial included 90 men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (iOAT) who were assigned to receive Letrozole (2.5 mg/day), L-Carnitine (1000 mg/day), or combination therapy for 3 months. Sperm parameters, hormonal profiles, oxidative stress biomarkers, mitochondrial function, and ICSI outcomes were assessed before and after treatment.
Inclusion Criteria:
Diagnosis of idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (iOAT) per WHO 2021 criteria
Age 20 to 45 years
BMI between 18 and 30 kg/m²
No prior hormonal therapy or antioxidant supplements within the last 3 months
Exclusion Criteria:
Varicocele, cryptorchidism, or genital tract infection
Hormonal disorders (hypogonadism, hyperprolactinemia, thyroid dysfunction)
Smoking, alcohol use, or drug abuse
Use of testosterone or anabolic steroids within the last 6 months
Female partner with severe infertility factors (age ≥40, tubal blockage, severe endometriosis)