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This cross-sectional study will examine the relationship between mandibular dysfunction, cervical joint position sense, craniovertebral angle, neck pain, and temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) severity. TMD severity, mandibular function, cervical proprioception, craniovertebral angle, and neck pain history will be assessed using standardized clinical tools and questionnaires. The study will evaluate the associations between these variables and determine the factors that may predict TMD severity.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| TMD Symptomatic Participants | Participants with temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) symptoms will be included in the study. All participants will undergo clinical and questionnaire-based assessments to evaluate mandibular function, cervical joint position sense, craniovertebral angle, neck pain history, and TMD severity. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assessments | Other | No intervention was applied. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Temporomandibular Dysfunction Severity | TMD severity will be assessed using the Fonseca Anamnestic Index, which evaluates the severity of temporomandibular dysfunction symptoms. It is a 10-item self-report questionnaire. Each item is scored as "Yes" (10 points), "Sometimes" (5 points), or "No" (0 points), with a total score calculated by summing all items. | Single assessment at baseline (cross-sectional evaluation) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Cervical Extension Joint Position Sense | Cervical extension joint position sense will be assessed in a sitting position using an Acumar dual digital inclinometer. Participants will be asked to actively move their neck to 30° of cervical extension, memorize the target position, and then reproduce the same angle. The procedure will be repeated three times, and the average absolute error will be recorded. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Adults aged 18 years or older with a Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI) score of 20 or higher who gave written consent were included. Participants were people with jaw (TMJ) and/or neck complaints. People were excluded if they had recent treatment (last 6 months) for the jaw or neck, used pain or muscle relaxant drugs, had previous neck or jaw surgery or major trauma, jaw dislocation or subluxation, missing teeth or dental prostheses, or neurological, rheumatologic, or systemic inflammatory diseases.
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sevilay Seda BAŞ, PhD | Contact | +90 (312) 906 1683 | ssbas@aybu.edu.tr |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation | Recruiting | Ankara | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013705 | Temporomandibular Joint Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D017271 | Craniomandibular Disorders |
| D008336 | Mandibular Diseases |
| D007571 | Jaw Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
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| Single assessment at baseline (cross-sectional evaluation) |
| Cervical Flexion Joint Position Sense | Cervical flexion joint position sense will be assessed in a sitting position using an Acumar dual digital inclinometer. Participants will be asked to actively move their neck to 30° of cervical flexion, memorize the target position, and then reproduce the same angle. The procedure will be repeated three times, and the average absolute error will be recorded. | Single assessment at baseline (cross-sectional evaluation) |
| Cervical Lateral Flexion Joint Position Sense | Cervical lateral flexion joint position sense will be assessed in a sitting position using an Acumar dual digital inclinometer. Participants will be asked to actively move their neck to 30° of lateral flexion, memorize the target position, and then reproduce the same angle. The procedure will be repeated three times, and the average absolute error will be recorded. | Single assessment at baseline (cross-sectional evaluation) |
| Cervical Rotation Joint Position Sense | Cervical rotation joint position sense will be assessed in a supine position using an Acumar dual digital inclinometer. Participants will be asked to actively rotate their head to 50° of cervical rotation, memorize the target position, and then reproduce the same angle. The procedure will be repeated three times, and the mean absolute error will be recorded. | Single assessment at baseline (cross-sectional evaluation) |
| Craniovertebral Angle | Craniovertebral angle will be measured using a two-dimensional image analysis method with Kinovea software from standardized lateral photographs. The tragus and C7 vertebra will be used as anatomical reference points to calculate the angle, and the mean of three measurements will be recorded for each participant. | Single assessment at baseline (cross-sectional evaluation) |
| Neck Musculoskeletal Symptoms | Musculoskeletal symptoms will be assessed using the Standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. The questionnaire evaluates the presence of symptoms in different body regions over the past 12 months and past 7 days. Only neck pain-related variables will be used for analysis in line with the study objectives, while other data will be reported descriptively. | Single assessment at baseline (cross-sectional evaluation) |
| Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire | Mandibular function will be assessed using the Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire (MFIQ). The MFIQ is a 17-item self-report scale evaluating functional limitations during activities such as chewing, speaking, and yawning. Each item is scored on a 0-4 Likert scale, with higher scores indicating greater impairment. | Single assessment at baseline (cross-sectional evaluation) |
| D007592 |
| Joint Diseases |
| D009135 | Muscular Diseases |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |