This randomized, double-blind controlled trial aims to compare the effectiveness of intravenous dexmedetomidine (0.5 µg/kg) and lignocaine (1.5 mg/kg) in attenuating hemodynamic responses during tracheal extubation in adult patients undergoing elective surgery. Tracheal extubation is commonly associated with sympathetic stimulation, leading to tachycardia, hypertension, and airway reflex responses, which may increase perioperative risk. A total of 60 ASA I patients aged 18-50 years will be randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio; one receiving dexmedetomidine and the other lignocaine, administered intravenously 10 minutes prior to extubation. A structured proforma will be used to record hemodynamic parameters, including heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure at baseline, before extubation, during extubation, and at 1, 3, 5, and 10 minutes post-extubation. The primary objective is to evaluate and compare the ability of these agents to attenuate hemodynamic responses during extubation. The findings of this study are expected to help identify a safe and effective strategy for smoother extubation and improved hemodynamic stability, particularly in resource-limited healthcare settings.

Inclusion Criteria:

• 60 adult patients, aged between 18 and 50 years. •ASA I patients, undergoing elective procedures, requiring general anaesthesia and intubation. •Normotensive patients ( systolic BP<140 mm Hg and diastolic BP <90 mm Hg) before surgery.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with known hypersensitivity to dexmedetomidine or lignocaine. •Pregnant or breastfeeding women. •Emergency cases. •Patients with anticipated difficult airway. • History of hypertension or cardiac arrhythmias.