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This study aims to compare the effects of the Tyler Twist exercise versus traditional eccentric exercises on pain, grip strength, and functional outcomes in patients diagnosed with lateral epicondylalgia. The primary objective is to determine which intervention offers greater improvement in clinical symptoms and overall function over a defined treatment period.
Conservative management is typically the first line of treatment, with eccentric exercises widely recognized for their effectiveness in promoting tendon healing and reducing pain. The "Tyler Twist," exercise is a variation using the TheraBand FlexBar, that has emerged as a superior potential alternative, that combines both eccentric and concentric loading in a functional and controlled way. However, direct comparative evidence between the Tyler Twist and conventional eccentric exercises has remained limited.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tyler Twist Exercises | Experimental | The Tyler Twist is a specific eccentric exercise using the TheraBand FlexBar, designed to target the extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB), which is primarily involved in lateral epicondylalgia. |
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| Traditional Eccentric Wrist Extensor Exercises | Active Comparator | This protocol involves eccentric strengthening of the wrist extensor muscles (primarily ECRB)using a dumbbell (1-2 kg) or wrist cuff weight. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tyler Twist Exercises | Other |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Numeric pain rate scale (NPRS) for pain | To determine the degree of pain that the patient will report, the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) will be utilized. This scale consists of 11 points ranging from 0-10, where zero indicates no pain, five represents moderate pain intensity, and ten signifies severe pain intensity | 6 weeks |
| Handheld dynamometer for grip strength: | For pain-free grip strength assessment, the patient's arm is positioned comfortably with the shoulder adducted and neutrally rotated, the elbow flexed to 90 degrees.20, the forearm in a neutral position, and the wrist in slight extension and ulnar deviation. The patient is instructed to squeeze as tightly as possible for 3-5 seconds, with multiple trials and an average of three repetitions recorded. A brief pause is provided between trials to prevent muscle fatigue. Hand-held dynamometers have been shown to have excellent internal validity and reliability, with reported values of 0.31-0.69 in the upper extremities | 6 weeks |
| Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation (PRTEE) for functional disability | The PRTEE questionnaire is one of the most widely-used outcome measures that appreciates elbow | 6 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
● Males and female patients suffering from lateral epicondylagia in subacute and chronic phase.
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imran Amjad, PhD | Contact | 03324390125 | Imran.amjad@riphah.edu.pk |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Hira Shaukat, Mphill | Riphah International University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ghurki Hospital Lahore | Lahore | Punjab Province | 54000 | Pakistan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 38832712 | Background | Cancela-Cilleruelo I, Rodriguez-Jimenez J, Fernandez-de-Las-Penas C, Cleland JA, Arias-Buria JL. Widespread Pressure Pain Hyperalgesia Is Not Associated With Morphological Changes of the Wrist Extensor Tendon in Unilateral Lateral Epicondylalgia: A Case-Control Study. Phys Ther. 2024 Sep 4;104(9):pzae075. doi: 10.1093/ptj/pzae075. | |
| 35582153 |
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| Traditional Eccentric Wrist Extensor Exercises | Other |
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| Karabinov V, Georgiev GP. Lateral epicondylitis: New trends and challenges in treatment. World J Orthop. 2022 Apr 18;13(4):354-364. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v13.i4.354. eCollection 2022 Apr 18. |