Comparative Effect of Virtual Reality and Core Stability Exercises in Patients With Non-specific Chronic Low Back Pain

Comparative Effect of Virtual Reality and Core Stability Exercises in Patients With Non-specific Chronic Low Back Pain

Non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder. (Maher et al., 2017). Globally, 60%-80% of adults' experience low back pain, with 10% developing chronic forms, of which 85% are classified as chronic nonspecific low back pain without a clear etiology. (Alsufiany et al.,2020)..Despite various treatment modalities, a significant number of individuals continue to experience pain, functional limitations, and psychological distress such as kinesiophobia.

Non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder. (Maher et al., 2017). Globally, 60%-80% of adults' experience low back pain, with 10% developing chronic forms, of which 85% are classified as chronic nonspecific low back pain without a clear etiology. (Alsufiany et al.,2020)..Despite various treatment modalities, a significant number of individuals continue to experience pain, functional limitations, and psychological distress such as kinesiophobia.

Various strategies are employed to help improve range of motion, alleviate pain, and enhance the overall quality of life for individuals dealing with lower back pain (LBP). These strategies encompass therapeutic exercises, manual therapy techniques, educating patients on lifestyle modifications, managing medications, and utilizing modalities like cryotherapy, heat therapy, ultrasound, and electrical stimulation. (Rulewska et al., 2025). So, Physical therapies and exercises, psychological and social support, reducing strain during physical work, and lifestyle changes are commonly practiced to manage non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP). (Kumari et al., 2024)

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Sixty-six patients with non-specific low back pain diagnosed by physician will be selected for the study from the outpatient clinic of faculty of physical therapy, October 6 university.
2. Patients of both sex with age range from 20-45 years.
3. Pain lasting for more than 12 weeks.
4. Pain intensity score 2/10 or more on Visual Analog Scale (VAS).
5. BMI ranged between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m2.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Visual or cognitive impairments affecting VR participation.
2. Pregnancy.
3. specific LBP (Radiculopathy, spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, or recent spinal surgery.)
4. neurological disorders,
5. psychiatric disorders,
6. physiotherapy during the last 6 months.

Exclusion Criteria:

-