Emotional Expression Intensity Modulates Intention Understanding in Children With ASD: Evidence From Eye Tracking and Hidden Markov Modeling
Emotional Expression Intensity Modulates Intention Understanding in Children With ASD: Evidence From Eye Tracking and Hidden Markov Modeling
This study used eye-tracking to examine how emotional expression intensity (low/medium/high) influences intention understanding in children with ASD, PDD, and TD during a puzzle-search task.
This study examined how emotional expression intensity influences children's intention understanding during a puzzle-search task. Children with ASD, PDD, and typical development (TD) watched videos in which a model searched for a missing puzzle piece under three levels of emotional expression intensity: low, medium, and high. Eye-tracking measures were used to assess both the outcome and the dynamic process of intention understanding.
Inclusion Criteria:
- Typically developing children without any developmental or neurological disorders.
Confirmed clinical diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder and reconfirmed by the criteria of the Diagnostic Observation Table for ASD, Second Edition (ADOS-2).
Confirmed clinical diagnosis of Intellectual Disability and the ADOS-2 with a comparison score below the ASD diagnostic cut-off score (comparison score≤2).
Exclusion Criteria:
- Normal or corrected-to-normal vision, no color vision deficiencies, and legal guardian provided written informed consent.