Functional Effects of Tendon Neuroplastic Training in Wrestlers

Functional Effects of Tendon Neuroplastic Training in Wrestlers With Shoulder Tendinopathy: a Randomized Controlled Trial

ABSTRACT AIM: The term tendinopathy describes multifaceted pathologies occurring in the tendon, characterized by pain, functional impairment, and decreased exercise tolerance. The aim of this study is to use Tendon Neuroplastic Training (TNT) in Wrestlers with shoulder tendinopathy between the ages of 14-25; To investigate its effects on balance, coordination, mental performance and shoulder functionality.

METHOD: After determining the sample size of the study with the G Power (Software 3.1.9.2) program, 26 athletes were randomly divided into two groups; the study group received a 4-week TNT training protocol, while the control group received 4 weeks of standard eccentric training. Both groups were given exercises for the Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Subscapularis and Biceps muscles. The athletes' balance with "Upper Quarter Y Balance", coordination with "Alternate Hand Wall Toss", and mental performance with Stroop Color-Word tests were evaluated. "Kerlan-Jobe" and "Western Ontario Rotator Cuff" scales were used to evaluate shoulder functionality and pain. All assessments were administered before and after exercise training. The data were analyzed statistically with the "IBM SPSS 25" package program.

Key Words: Athlete, Mental Test, Shoulder, Tendinopathy

Inclusion Criteria:

• Being a licensed athlete for at least one year
• Having a diagnosis of tendinopathy based on clinical and radiological examination
• To positive least three of the following diagnostic tests: Neer Test, Hawkins-Kennedy Test, Jobe-Supraspinatus Test, Painful arc at 60-120 degrees of shoulder abduction
• Pain level is below 2 out of 10 at rest and below 3 out of 10 during active movement according to the visual pain scale,
• No limitation in joint range of motion (at least 85% of the healthy side).

Exclusion Criteria:

• • Having any vision or hearing problems

  • Previous surgery at last 6 month
  • Having diagnose complete tendon rupture