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This study was planned to analyze the changes in tendon cross-sectional area and shoulder pain with different exercise approaches applied in biceps brachii long head tendinopathy.
There are different conservative treatment options for biceps brachii long head tendinopathy. However, the exercise approaches that can be applied for biceps brachii tendinopathy are not clear in the literature. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of exercises that include 12 weeks of eccentric training or combined exercise approaches.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eccentric Exercise Group | Active Comparator | In the eccentric exercise group, in addition to strengthening exercises for the periscapular muscles and stretching exercises for the biceps brachii muscle, eccentric strengthening exercises for the biceps brachii muscle will be given. |
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| Combined-Exercise Group | Active Comparator | In the combined exercise group, in addition to strengthening exercises for the periscapular muscles and stretching exercises for the biceps brachii muscle, progressive isometric, isotonic and plyometric strengthening training will be given to the biceps brachii muscle. |
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| Control Group | Active Comparator | In the control group, strengthening exercises for the periscapular muscles and stretching exercises for the biceps brachii muscle will be given. Strengthening exercises for the biceps brachii muscle will not be given in this group. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eccentric Exercise | Other | In the eccentric exercise group, in addition to strengthening exercises for the periscapular muscles and stretching exercises for the biceps brachii muscle, eccentric strengthening exercises for the biceps brachii muscle will be given. Participants will do the exercises in the groups they were randomized to every day for 12 weeks. They will be called to the clinic once a week for exercise checks. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Tendon Cross-Sectional Area | Ultrasound will be used to measure tendon cross-sectional area. | Baseline and 12 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Analog Scale (VAS) | The patient will be asked to mark the severity of his/her pain at rest, at night, and during general activity on a 10 cm line without numbers, and the point they mark will be measured in millimeters with a ruler. The left end of the line indicates no pain, corresponding to 0 cm, while the pain level increases towards the right end of the line, which is marked at 10 cm. | Baseline and 12 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ebru G SEZİK, Msc | Contact | 05532025875 | ebrugulozdemiir@gmail.com |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ebru G SEZİK, Msc | Hacettepe University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hacettepe University Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation | Recruiting | Ankara | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 18703976 | Background | Friedman DJ, Dunn JC, Higgins LD, Warner JJ. Proximal biceps tendon: injuries and management. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev. 2008 Sep;16(3):162-9. doi: 10.1097/JSA.0b013e318184f549. | |
| 17785735 | Background | Ahrens PM, Boileau P. The long head of biceps and associated tendinopathy. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2007 Aug;89(8):1001-9. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.89B8.19278. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D052256 | Tendinopathy |
| D020069 | Shoulder Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009135 | Muscular Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| D013708 | Tendon Injuries |
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |
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three groups with a conventional therapy control group
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Participants in all three groups performed the given exercises without knowing which group they were included in. Outcome assessments will be performed by an investigator who was blinded to group allocation.
|
| Combined Exercise | Other | In the combined exercise group, in addition to strengthening exercises for the periscapular muscles and stretching exercises for the biceps brachii muscle, progressive isometric, isotonic and plyometric strengthening training will be given to the biceps brachii muscle. Participants will do the exercises in the groups they were randomized to every day for 12 weeks. They will be called to the clinic once a week for exercise checks. |
|
| Control Group Exercise | Other | In the control group, strengthening exercises for the periscapular muscles and stretching exercises for the biceps brachii muscle will be given. Strengthening exercises for the biceps brachii muscle will not be given in this group. Participants will do the exercises in the groups they were randomized to every day for 12 weeks. They will be called to the clinic once a week for exercise checks. |
|
| 30059449 | Background | Chen RE, Voloshin I. Long Head of Biceps Injury: Treatment Options and Decision Making. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev. 2018 Sep;26(3):139-144. doi: 10.1097/JSA.0000000000000206. |
| 20226316 | Background | Ryu JH, Pedowitz RA. Rehabilitation of biceps tendon disorders in athletes. Clin Sports Med. 2010 Apr;29(2):229-46, vii-viii. doi: 10.1016/j.csm.2009.12.003. |
| D018771 |
| Arthralgia |
| D007592 | Joint Diseases |
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |