Obesity is a major global health problem associated with metabolic dysfunction, altered adipokine signaling, and impaired appetite regulation. Conventional weight loss strategies such as calorie restriction often result in compensatory physiological adaptations, including increased appetite and loss of lean body mass, which may limit long-term effectiveness.

Whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) is an emerging, time-efficient intervention that induces simultaneous muscle activation and may improve metabolic health. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms, particularly the interaction between myokines and adipokines, remain insufficiently understood.

This randomized controlled trial aims to investigate the effects of an energy-restricted diet combined with WB-EMS on myokine-adipokine interaction, appetite regulation, and body composition in obese individuals. Participants will be randomly assigned to either a diet-only group or a diet plus WB-EMS group for 8 weeks.

Primary outcomes include changes in serum irisin levels. Secondary outcomes include myostatin, leptin, adiponectin, FGF-21, ghrelin, GLP-1, body composition parameters, and eating behavior. The findings of this study are expected to provide novel insights into the physiological and molecular effects of WB-EMS as a complementary strategy in obesity management.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age between 18 and 65 years
• Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m²
• Sedentary lifestyle (less than 2 hours of structured exercise per week)
• Willingness to participate and provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Presence of pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
• Known cardiovascular disease or severe chronic illness
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding
• Uncontrolled diabetes or severe metabolic disorders
• Active malignancy or cancer treatment
• Severe renal or hepatic failure
• Acute infection or inflammatory disease
• Orthopedic conditions limiting physical activity
• Use of medications affecting body composition or appetite (e.g., corticosteroids, weight-loss drugs)
• Regular resistance training within the last 3 months
• Substance abuse, including alcohol or drug dependency
• Psychiatric or cognitive conditions affecting adherence to the study protocol

Individual participant data will not be shared due to privacy, ethical, and data protection considerations. The dataset contains sensitive clinical and biochemical information, and sharing is restricted to ensure participant confidentiality in accordance with institutional policies and applicable regulations.