Migraine is Associated With Altered Mechanical Pain Sensitivity. This Study Investigates Mechanical Pain Sensitivity, Headache Burden, and Quality of Life in Episodic and Chronic Migraine, Comparing Pressure Algometry and Algopeg® and Assessing Mechanosensitivity of Peripheral Nerves.

Mechanical Pain Sensitivity, Headache Burden, and Quality of Life in Episodic and Chronic Migraine - A Cross-Sectional Study

Migraine is one of the most prevalent neurological disorders and is associated with a substantial individual and societal burden. In chronic migraine, central and peripheral sensitization mechanisms are considered key pathophysiological factors and may manifest, among other features, as altered mechanical pain sensitivity.

Quantitative assessment of mechanical pain sensitivity using pressure algometry is an established method; however, it is partly dependent on examiner technique and measurement protocols. The Algopeg® represents a standardized instrument for assessing mechanical pain sensitivity and may serve as a practical complement or alternative to classical pressure algometry. To date, evidence regarding the use of the Algopeg® in migraine populations remains limited.

In addition to increased mechanosensitivity in trigeminal and extra-trigeminal regions, peripheral nerve structures, such as branches of the greater occipital nerve and the supraorbital nerve, may show sensitivity to mechanical stimuli during neurodynamic testing or palpation. This may have clinical relevance, as these regions are often targeted in symptomatic and prophylactic treatments.

The aim of this study is to systematically investigate mechanical pain sensitivity, headache-related outcomes, and quality of life in patients with episodic and chronic migraine. Furthermore, the study aims to compare pressure algometry and Algopeg® measurements and to explore the clinical relevance of mechanosensitivity in specific peripheral nerve regions using a standardized assessment protocol.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Female and male sex
• Age 18-65 years
• Diagnosis of episodic or chronic migraine according to ICHD-3 criteria (beta version)
• Stable medication regimen (if applicable) for at least 4 weeks prior to inclusion
• Ability to understand study procedures and provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Other primary or secondary headache disorders
• Severe neurological, psychiatric, or systemic diseases
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding
• Participation in another (interventional) study within the last 3 months