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This research will be conducted using a parallel randomized controlled trial design to investigate the effects of a nursing education program grounded in Travelbe's Human-to-Human Relationship theory on willingness to work with elderly individuals, empathy levels, and communication skills. The sample group will consist of third-year nursing students at a state university (intervention: 24; control: 24). The Willingness to Work with Elderly Individuals Scale, the Kiersma-Chen Empathy Scale, and the Communication Skills Scale will be used to collect data. The intervention group will receive a six-session nursing education program based on Travelbe's Human-to-Human Relationship theory. A repeated-measures ANOVA will be used to compare the mean scores across groups on the scales. In addition, independent-samples t-tests will be used for pre-test and post-test comparisons within groups, and Cohen's d and eta-squared will be used to estimate effect sizes. The data will be examined for normality. Parametric tests (One-sample t-test, ANOVA) will be applied to data that show normal distribution, and nonparametric tests (Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Wilcoxon test, Friedman test) will be applied to data that do not show normal distribution.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention group | Experimental |
| |
| Control group | No Intervention |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Travelbee's Human-to-Human Relationship Theory-Based Geriatric Nursing Training Program | Other | The Travelbee Human-to-Human Relationship Theory-Based Geriatric Health Nursing Education Program has established objectives that nursing students can achieve upon completion, aligned with the program's content. These objectives are included in the program content. The educational program consists of six sessions. Session 1: Initial Encounter Stage (Gamification (Taboo Game Cards) Session 2: Initial Encounter Stage (Nursing Home Visit) Session 3: Emergence of Identities Stage (Standard Patient Simulation) Session 4: Empathy Stage (Aging Simulation Suit) Session 5: Sympathy Stage (Photo-based Case Generation Activity) Session 6: Adaptation (Friendly Relationship) Stage (Role-reversal activity) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Nursing students' willingness to work with elderly individuals score | The minimum score on the scale is 20, and the maximum score is 120. A high average score indicates a strong desire to work with older adults. | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Empathy score | The minimum score on the scale is 15 and the maximum score is 105. A higher score indicates a higher level of empathy. | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks |
| Communication skills score |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Removal criteria from the research:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gazi University, Faculty of Nursing | Ankara | Çankaya | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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Randomized controlled trial in a parallel design
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Data analysis and reporting will be performed by an independent statistician who will not know which group each participant belongs to. Statistical blinding is planned to control for detection bias, statistical bias, and reporting bias in the research.
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The minimum score on the scale is 25, and the maximum score is 125. A higher score on the scale indicates that the individual views their communication skills positively.
| From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks |