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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ethics committee No. 4773 | Other Identifier | Humanitas Research Hospital |
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This monocentric retrospective cohort study aims to investigate reproductive behavior and subsequent family-building outcomes in couples who achieved a first live birth through assisted reproductive technology (ART) at a university-affiliated fertility center in Italy. All couples obtaining a first live birth between January 2010 and December 2020 will be included and followed until December 2024. The primary objective is to evaluate the rate of return for further ART treatment after the first live birth. Secondary objectives include assessing cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) for the second and third live birth. Associations between return behavior and clinical factors, including maternal age, presence of cryopreserved oocytes or embryos, and treatment characteristics, will be analyzed.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non-returners | Couples who achieved a first live birth through ART at the study center and did not return for further ART treatment after the index birth during the follow-up period. | ||
| Returners | Couples who achieved a first live birth through ART at the study center and subsequently returned to undergo one or more additional ART cycles for further reproductive attempts during follow-up. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Return rate of couples who had achieved a first pregnancy and returned to pursue a second child. | Analysis of the return rate of couples who had already achieved a first pregnancy and pursued a second child, with a comprehensive evaluation of the clinical, demographic, and treatment-related factors that may influence their likelihood of returning for additional ART attempts. This analysis aims to identify which characteristics are associated with a higher or lower probability of continuing their family-building journey after the initial live birth. | From January 2010 to December 2024 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Cumulative live birth rate of couples who had already achieved a first live birth and attempted to conceive a second child | Analysis of the cumulative live birth rate of couples who had already achieved a first live birth and pursued a second child through subsequent ART attempts, with a comprehensive evaluation of the clinical, demographic, and treatment-related factors that may influence their probability of achieving an additional live birth. This analysis aims to identify which characteristics are associated with higher or lower chances of successfully obtaining a second live birth after the initial one |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Eligibility was determined by biological sex, as the study included exclusively heterosexual couples undergoing ART. Gender identity did not influence inclusion or exclusion criteria.
The study included all couples who underwent and completed ART cycles and achieved a first live birth between January 2010 and December 2020, who subsequently returned for new attempts, and met the following inclusion criteria: being a heterosexual couple with maternal age between 18 and 43 years, having complete clinical and demographic data available in the internal database, and having follow-up information up to December 2024
Individual participant data will not be shared due to the retrospective design of the study and institutional data protection policies. Only aggregated, anonymized results will be made available in the published manuscript.
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| From January 2010 to December 2024 |