Dynamic and Isometric Strength Training in Older Adults With Hypertension

Effects of Dynamic Strength Training and Isometric Strength Training on Cardiovascular Health Indicators, Mental Health, and Neuromuscular Fitness in Older Adults With Hypertension: A Feasibility Study

This feasibility study aims to evaluate the effects of dynamic strength training and isometric strength training on cardiovascular health indicators, mental health, and neuromuscular fitness in older adults with hypertension. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of the two training modalities and will complete supervised exercise sessions throughout the intervention period. The study will provide preliminary evidence regarding the safety, acceptability, and potential impact of each training modality on health outcomes in this population.

Inclusion criteria:

• Diagnosis of arterial hypertension and currently taking antihypertensive medication
• Age 60 years or older
• Resting blood pressure below 160/95 mmHg
• No high cardiovascular risk according to the American College of Sports Medicine criteria (for participants with type 2 diabetes, glycemic control with fasting glucose <100 mg/dL and postprandial glucose <140 mg/dL)
• Not participating in a structured exercise program for more than three months
• No cognitive or functional limitations that prevent participation in the exercise program

Exclusion Criteria

• Presence of acute illnesses, such as influenza, sinusitis, gastroenteritis, urinary tract infection, fever, inflammatory processes, or any clinical condition requiring rest or that may compromise safety during assessments or training.
• Decompensated clinical conditions, including: Blood pressure spikes, Chest pain, Uncontrolled arrhythmias, Shortness of breath at rest, Asthma exacerbations, Decompensated diabetes mellitus, characterized by Persistently elevated blood glucose levels (fasting glucose > 180 mg/dL or postprandial glucose > 250 mg/dL)
• Irregular use of medication
• Any unstable clinical condition or condition that represents additional risk for the practice of physical exercise.