Effect of Coffee Smelling on Pain, Physiological Parameters and Time to Discharge From Post Anesthesia Care Unit in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Effect of Coffee Smelling on Pain, Physiological Parameters and Time to Discharge From Post Anesthesia Care Unit in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

This research was designed as a randomized controlled trial to determine the effects of coffee sniffing on pain and physiological parameters in patients undergoing cholecystectomy surgery.

Study Variables: The independent variables of the study are the participant's age, gender, height, weight, smoking, and alcohol use; the dependent variables are the length of stay in the Post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) after anesthesia, the Modified Aldrete score, the pain score (numeric rating scale), and physiological values.

Study Location and Time: This study is planned to be conducted at Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine Hospital PACU, between February 2026 and August 2026.

Study Population: The study population will consist of patients who underwent cholecystectomy surgery and received general anesthesia with the same anesthesia protocol at Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine Hospital PACU.

Data Collection Tools: A Patient Demographic Information Form, created by the researcher in accordance with the literature, will be used for data collection. The Modified Aldrete Score and the Visual Analog Scale, both valid and reliable, will be used.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Being 18 years of age or older,
• Having no prior history of surgery,
• Having undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery,
• Being physically and mentally able to communicate,
• Having received the same anesthesia protocol,
• Having no known allergy or sensitivity to the smell of coffee,
• Being willing and cooperative to smell coffee for the specified duration in the experimental group,
• Providing written consent after being informed about the study,
• Having an ASA I or II rating.

Exclusion Criteria:

• The following are contraindications for a patient's sense of smell:
• No complications developing during surgery,
• No indication for postoperative intensive care,
• Special circumstances (pregnancy, etc.),
• Being under active treatment for depression, anxiety, or other psychiatric disorders,
• Having anatomical abnormalities that may cause a problem with the sense of smell.