Non-invasive Vibratory Stimulation of the Knee Muscles for the Improvement of the Somatosensory Input and Motor Performance

Stimolazione Vibratoria Non-invasiva Per il Miglioramento Del Ritorno Sensoriale e Della Performance Motoria in Atleti Con Lesione al Legamento Crociato Anteriore

The goal of this interventional cross-sectional study is to evaluate motor responses to non-invasive vibratory stimulation applied to the hamstring muscle tendons in healthy individuals. Knee flexion and extension efforts, in both isometric and concentric contractions, will be tested.

The investigators hypothesize that vibratory stimulation causes an increase in activity in the flexor muscles (hamstrings) and a decrease in the extensor muscles (quadriceps) of the knee in all motor tasks. It follows that during knee flexion (both concentric and isometric), vibratory stimulation should cause an increase in the distance between the angular trajectories of the knee obtained with and without vibratory stimulation (with a positive sign). The increased activity of the hamstring muscles would, in fact, contribute to increasing the velocity of the flexor movement. Conversely, during extensor movements (both concentric and isometric), vibratory stimulation should reduce the instantaneous velocity of the movement, therefore causing an increase in distance (with a negative sign) between the trajectories obtained with and without stimulation.

Participants will be tested using an isokinetic dynamometer and they will be asked to perform the following motor tasks in a random order: concentric knee flexion, concentric knee extension, isometric knee flexion, and isometric knee extension. The dominant limb will be tested, only. The assessment will be performed one time.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age equal to or greater than 18 years.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Neurological disorders.
• Musculoskeletal injuries, including previous ones, that may compromise the execution of required movements.
• Cardiorespiratory disorders.