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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Ingredion Incorporated | INDUSTRY |
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The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the impact of pea protein or whey protein supplementation during a progressive resistance exercise (PRE) regimen on body composition and strength in young adults who are not undergoing regular strength training. The main questions it aims to answer are:
Participants will:
Adequate dietary protein intake is essential for maximizing skeletal muscle hypertrophy and strength gains during progressive resistance exercise (PRE) training. Whey protein isolate is commonly used to support these adaptations; however, there is limited clinical evidence comparing plant-based protein supplements with whey protein when protein dose is controlled and combined with structured resistance training. Pea protein isolate represents a sustainable, plant-based alternative, but its effectiveness in promoting muscle accretion, strength, and metabolic responses relative to whey protein isolate has not been fully characterized. Therefore, this study will compare the effects of pea protein isolate and whey protein isolate supplementation on changes in lean body mass, muscle strength, and postprandial metabolic responses in healthy, untrained young adult males. Participants will be randomized in a double-blind, parallel-group design to consume either pea protein isolate or whey protein isolate for 8 weeks while completing a supervised, PRE training program. Lean body mass and strength outcomes will be assessed before and after the intervention, and acute postprandial essential amino acid, glucose, and insulin responses will be evaluated following standardized protein ingestion at baseline and post-intervention.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pea Protein | Experimental | Participants in this arm will consume pea protein isolate (24g/sachet) twice daily for 8 weeks while participating in an 8-week PRE program (2, 1.5hr sessions per week) |
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| Whey Protein | Active Comparator | Participants in this arm will consume whey protein isolate (24g/sachet) twice daily for 8 weeks while participating in an 8-week PRE program (2, 1.5hr sessions per week) |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Protein Isolate | Dietary Supplement | Participants in this arm will consume protein isolate (24g/sachet) twice daily for 8 weeks. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Difference in body composition | Differences in lean mass (kg, kg/m^2, and % total mass) and fat mass (kg, and % total mass) assessed using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA; Horizon W, Hologic, Marlborough, MA) | Baseline and 8 weeks |
| Difference in muscle strength | Differences in muscle strength assessed by maximal isometric force produced by quadriceps (Nm) using a Biodex System 3 dynamometer, hand grip (kg) using a handgrip dynamometer, 1-Rep Max for chest press (kg), and 1-Rep Max for leg press (kg) | Baseline and 8 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Nutritional Metabolic Biomarkers | Differences in essential amino acid (Histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine) cMax and iAUC, glucose (cMax and iAUC), and insulin (cMax and iAUC) will be measured from plasma following a protein load (0.3 g/kg body weight of pea- or whey-protein isolate) | Baseline and 8 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Resting Metabolic Rate | Differences in Resting Metabolic Rate (kcal/d) will be measured using indirect calorimetry (Parvo Medics TrueOne 2400, Parvo Medics, Sandy, UT) | Baseline and 8 weeks |
| Blood Pressure |
Inclusion Criteria:
The subjects will be excluded if:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Texas Woman's University Institute of Health Sciences Houston Center | Houston | Texas | 77008 | United States |
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| Progressive Resistance Exercise Training (PRE) | Behavioral | Based on the resistance training guidelines from the American College of Sports Medicine, each subject will attend two supervised resistance training sessions weekly for a duration of 8 weeks. A minimum two day rest between PRE sessions will be required. Twelve exercises that targets each major muscle group will be conducted at each exercise session in the order listed below:
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Systolic (mmHg) and diastolic (mmHg) blood pressure measured using digital blood pressure monitor (Spot Vital Signs 4200B, Welch Allyn, Skaneateles Falls, NY)
| Baseline and 8 weeks |
| Weight status | Body Mass Index (kg/m**2) calculated from measured body weight (kg) and height (cm) using digital scale and stadiometer, respectively. Body weight (kg) | Baseline and 8 weeks |