INTRANASAL FLUTICASONE VERSUS FLUTICASONE-AZELASTINE COMBINATION

INTRANASAL FLUTICASONE VERSUS FLUTICASONE-AZELASTINE COMBINATION AS FIRST-LINE THERAPY IN ALLERGIC RHINITIS: A PROSPECTIVE COMPARATIVE STUDY

This prospective comparative study was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy, onset of action, and side-effect profiles of intranasal fluticasone propionate (FP) monotherapy and a fluticasone propionate-azelastine (MP-AzeFlu) combination in adult patients with moderate-to-severe allergic rhinitis. Patients with positive skin prick test results were randomly assigned to receive either FP monotherapy or MP-AzeFlu combination therapy. Symptom severity and quality of life were assessed at baseline, day 7, month 1, and month 2 using the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) and a visual analog scale (VAS). The primary objective was to compare changes in quality-of-life scores between treatment groups. Secondary outcomes included onset of symptom relief and treatment-related sensory side effects.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the nasal mucosa that significantly affects patients' quality of life, sleep, and daily functioning. Intranasal corticosteroids are recommended as first-line therapy for moderate-to-severe AR; however, some patients experience delayed symptom relief or insufficient control. Combination therapy with an intranasal antihistamine and corticosteroid may provide faster and more effective symptom control, but comparative data on onset of action, quality-of-life outcomes, and side-effect profiles are limited.

This prospective, randomized, comparative clinical study was conducted at a tertiary care otorhinolaryngology clinic. Adult patients presenting with symptoms of allergic rhinitis and positive skin prick test results were screened. Patients with moderate-to-severe symptoms, defined by a Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) of 7 or higher, were included. Eligible participants were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups: intranasal fluticasone propionate (FP) monotherapy or a fixed-dose combination of fluticasone propionate and azelastine hydrochloride (MP-AzeFlu). Treatments were administered according to the recommended dosing schedules.

Patients were evaluated at baseline and at day 7, month 1, and month 2 after treatment initiation. Clinical efficacy and quality of life were assessed using the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) and a visual analog scale (VAS). The onset of action was defined as the first day on which patients reported noticeable symptom improvement. Adverse effects, particularly taste and smell disturbances, were also evaluated using VAS scores. The primary objective was to compare changes in quality-of-life scores between the two treatment groups, while secondary objectives included onset of symptom relief and the assessment of treatment-related side effects.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adults aged 18 years and older
• Clinical symptoms consistent with allergic rhinitis
• Positive skin prick test results
• Moderate-to-severe allergic rhinitis defined as a Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) of 7 or higher
• Willingness to participate and provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients under 18 years of age
• Patients with atopic diseases (e.g., atopic dermatitis) or asthma, other than allergic rhinitis
• Those with a recent respiratory tract infection, nasal polyps, or septal deviation
• Patients who had previously undergone sinonasal surgical treatment
• Individuals who use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs
• Those who have used the following medications:

Antihistamines (within the last week) Nasal or oral decongestants (within the last week) Topical corticosteroids (within the last 2 weeks) Membrane stabilizers (within the last 2 weeks) Leukotriene antagonists (within the last 2 weeks) Systemic corticosteroids (past 4 weeks) Immunotherapy (within the past 5 years)

• Patients with allergic rhinitis symptom score <7