Effects of Forward Head Posture on Cervical Proprioception, Muscle Endurance, and Cardiopulmonary Function During Cognitive-Motor Tasks Among University Students

Effects of Forward Head Posture on Cervical Proprioception, Muscle Endurance, and Cardiopulmonary Function During Cognitive-Motor Tasks Among University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Forward head posture is commonly observed among university students and may influence cervical sensorimotor function and physiological responses during functional activities. The purpose of this observational cross-sectional study is to examine the association between forward head posture and cervical proprioception, deep cervical muscle endurance, and cardiopulmonary responses during a cognitive-motor task in university students.

This is an observational cross-sectional study conducted among healthy university students aged 18 to 26 years. The study aims to investigate the relationship between forward head posture and cervical joint position sense, deep cervical muscle endurance, and cardiopulmonary responses during a combined cognitive-motor task. No therapeutic intervention or treatment is applied.

Inclusion Criteria:

• University students aged 18 to 26 years
• Both male and female participants
• Apparently healthy individuals
• Ability to understand and follow study instructions
• Willingness to participate and provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Age below 18 years or above 26 years
• History of cervical spine surgery or cervical fracture
• Presence of neurological disorders affecting the cervical spine or balance
• Chronic cardiopulmonary diseases
• Current or recent neck or shoulder pain within the past 6 months
• Any musculoskeletal condition that may affect cervical posture or movement