ICU Admission Diagnoses and ICU Mortality

Association of Admission Syndromic Diagnoses With ICU Mortality in a Mixed Adult Intensive Care Unit: Retrospective Cohort

This retrospective cohort study will evaluate whether syndromic clinical diagnoses present at ICU admission are associated with ICU mortality, independent of physiologic severity scores. Adult patients admitted to a tertiary mixed ICU during 2025 will be assessed.

Data will be obtained retrospectively from the hospital information system and ICU clinical records. Variables will be recorded based on the first 24 hours after ICU admission. Demographics, admission characteristics, comorbidities, severity scores (APACHE II, SAPS, SOFA), and admission syndromic diagnoses (e.g., sepsis/septic shock, acute respiratory failure, ARDS, MODS) will be collected. The primary outcome is ICU mortality; secondary outcomes include ICU length of stay and ICU discharge disposition.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult patients (≥18 years) admitted to the ICU between January 1, 2025 and December 31, 2025.
• If a patient has more than one ICU admission during the study period, only the first ICU admission will be included.

Exclusion Criteria:

• ICU stay <24 hours.
• Missing essential data preventing assessment of the primary outcome (ICU mortality) and/or calculation of severity scores (APACHE II, SAPS, SOFA).