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Baseline serum IgG, IgA, IgM (nephelometry), total WBC count (automated analyzer), RR (manual count), and SaO2 (pulse oximetry) were measured. Pearson or Spearman correlations were used to assess relationships between immune and respiratory variables, and with age
descriptive, cross-sectional study analyzed baseline data from 40 children with DS and acute pneumonia enrolled prior to intervention in a larger trial. Baseline serum IgG, IgA, IgM (nephelometry), total WBC count (automated analyzer), RR (manual count), and SaO2 (pulse oximetry) were measured. Pearson or Spearman correlations were used to assess relationships between immune and respiratory variables, and with age.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pearson or Spearman correlations were used to assess relationships between immune and respiratory variables, and with age | Procedure | Baseline serum IgG, IgA, IgM (nephelometry), total WBC count (automated analyzer), RR (manual count), and SaO2 (pulse oximetry) were measured. Pearson or Spearman correlations were used to assess relationships between immune and respiratory variables, and with age. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| serum IgG, IgA, IgM | Immunoglobulins: Concentrations of IgG(mg/dl) IgA,(mg/dl) and IgM (mg/dl) were determined from serum using an automated nephelometer | Upon enrollment and prior to any intervention baseline data were collected |
| Respiratory Rate | Respiratory rate (breaths/minute) was determined by direct observation and counting of chest wall movements over one full minute | Upon enrollment and prior to any intervention baseline data were collected |
| Arterial Oxygen Saturation (SaO2) | Peripheral oxygen saturation (%) was measured non-invasively via pulse oximetry | Upon enrollment and prior to any intervention baseline data were collected |
| White Blood Cell count | Total WBC count (thousands/mm³) was measured from a whole blood sample using an ADVIA 120 automated hematology analyzer | Upon enrollment and prior to any intervention baseline data were collected |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Data collection occurred at the inpatient pediatric ward of King Abdulaziz University Hospital.
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mona Mohamed Abdelkhalek, assistance prof | Contact | 002021024056108 | 3m.sons@gmail.com | |
| Mona Mohamed Abdelkhalek, assistance prof | Contact | 002021024056108 | Mona.Abdelkhalek@buc.edu.eg |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Badr university | Recruiting | Cairo | Egypt |
The investigators have not yet determined whether individual participant data will be shared. Any future decision will depend on institutional policies, ethical considerations, and applicable data protection regulations."
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| Mona Mohamed Abdelkhalek | Recruiting | Cairo | Egypt |
|
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004314 | Down Syndrome |
| D011014 | Pneumonia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008607 | Intellectual Disability |
| D019954 | Neurobehavioral Manifestations |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D000015 | Abnormalities, Multiple |
| D000013 | Congenital Abnormalities |
| D009358 | Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities |
| D025063 | Chromosome Disorders |
| D030342 | Genetic Diseases, Inborn |
| D012141 | Respiratory Tract Infections |
| D007239 | Infections |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
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