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This experimental study investigates the acute cardiovascular and vascular responses to a single session of resistance training, with and without additional static stretching, compared with a resting control condition. Participants are allocated to one of three groups (control, resistance training, resistance training plus static stretching) and assessed at baseline, immediately after the session, and 30 minutes post-exercise. Primary outcomes include blood pressure and other hemodynamic or functional measures, in order to explore the short-term impact of these exercise modalities on cardiovascular regulation.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| RT | Experimental | Resistance Training |
|
| RT+SS | Experimental | Resistance training + Static stretching |
|
| CC | No Intervention | Control Condition --> participants sat silently on a chair without performing any train |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Resistance Training | Other | Participants assigned to this group will complete a single supervised upper body resistance training session. The protocol includes bench presses and bicep curls performed at 80% of the individual's 1-rep max, for 4 sets of 8 reps, with standardized rest intervals between sets of 2 minutes. The total duration of the session is approximately 20-30 minutes and does not include any additional static stretching beyond the standardized warm-up. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Flow Mediated Dilation(FMD%) | Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) will be assessed using high-resolution B-mode ultrasound (Esaote MyLab X1 GO, linear transducer) during a standardized forearm cuff occlusion protocol. Baseline diameter will be recorded for 60 seconds prior to cuff deflation. Reactive hyperemia will be induced by 5-minutes arterial occlusion followed by cuff release, with continuous diameter recording for 3 minutes post-deflation to identify peak diameter. | 3 times (Baseline, immediately after intervantion and 30 minutes after intervention) for each condition (CC, RT, RT+ST) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Palermo | Palermo | 90144 | Italy |
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|
| Resistance training + Static Stretching | Other | Participants assigned to this group will complete a single supervised upper body resistance training session. The protocol includes bench presses and bicep curls performed at 80% of the individual's 1-rep max, for 4 sets of 8 reps, with standardized rest intervals between sets of 2 minutes. The total duration of the session is approximately 20-25 minutes .Immediately after the resistance exercises, they will complete a structured static stretching protocol targeting the trained muscle groups (pectoralis and elbow flexors), with each stretch held for about 30 seconds and repeated for several sets. The additional stretching lasts 12 minutes, for a total session duration of about 35-40 minutes. |
|
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D055070 | Resistance Training |
| D052580 | Muscle Stretching Exercises |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005081 | Exercise Therapy |
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
| D000359 | Aftercare |
| D003266 | Continuity of Patient Care |
| D005791 | Patient Care |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
| D064797 | Physical Conditioning, Human |
| D015444 | Exercise |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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