This study examines changes in platelet indices in people with type 2 diabetes compared to healthy people. It checks if these changes relate to inflammation markers (like hs-CRP) and blood sugar control. Participants get routine blood tests during one clinic visit at Assiut University Hospitals. No treatments or extra procedures are involved.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation and hyperglycemia, which may alter platelet activation and morphology, potentially increasing cardiovascular risk. This cross-sectional case-control study aims to evaluate platelet indices, specifically mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet-large cell ratio (P-LCR), and plateletcrit (PCT), in T2DM patients compared to healthy controls. Additionally, it investigates the correlation between these indices and inflammatory biomarkers, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), as well as glycemic parameters such as fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c).

The study will be conducted at Assiut University Hospitals and clinics, enrolling 100 adult patients (aged 30-70 years) diagnosed with T2DM for at least one year and 100 healthy age-matched controls. Exclusion criteria include type 1 diabetes, acute infections, malignancies, chronic inflammatory or hematologic diseases, recent major surgery or trauma, and current use of anti-platelet or anti-inflammatory medications. All participants will undergo a complete medical history, clinical examination, and blood sampling for complete blood count (CBC) and biochemical analysis.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adults aged 30-70 years.
• Diagnosed T2DM for at least 1 year.
• Fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL and/or HbA1c ≥ 6.5%

Exclusion Criteria:

• Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
• Acute infection, chronic inflammatory disease
• Malignancy.
• Current use of anti-platelet or anti-inflammatory medications
• Chronic liver, renal, or hematologic disease
• Recent major surgery or trauma (within 3 months)

200 adults aged 30-70 years recruited from Assiut University Hospitals and clinics: 100 with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM, diagnosed ≥1 year, fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL or HbA1c ≥6.5%) and 100 healthy controls without diabetes or major illness. Both groups undergo single assessments of platelet indices (MPV, PDW, P-LCR, PCT via CBC), inflammatory markers (hs-CRP, ESR), and glycemic parameters (fasting/postprandial glucose, HbA1c).