This study focuses on Beijing community residents aged 60 and above, aiming to understand how urinary function (like bladder or kidney function) and multiple health problems (such as high blood pressure, diabetes) affect each other as people age-since current studies often only look at single diseases and don't cover this group well. To join, participants need to be a 60+ Beijing community resident who can answer simple questions; those with serious mental illnesses or expected lifespan under 1 year can't take part. The study starts with a baseline check (asking about the participants' health, habits, doing blood/urine tests or urinary function assessments, and possibly collecting small blood/urine samples). After that, the investigators will follow up every 6-12 months (via phone or clinic to update health info) and repeat key checks yearly; people with lower cognitive ability will be checked every 3 months. The investigators will also record new illnesses, mobility issues (like falls), or death. The study has passed ethical review-participants will get clear info before joining, can quit anytime, and participants' data will stay private; participants will also get free health check reports and basic advice. For participants, this means regular health monitoring; for everyone, it'll help make tools to spot high-risk groups (like a community app), design better help (e.g., exercise plans), and push for yearly urinary health checks in communities.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age ≥ 60 years
• Permanent resident of the participating Beijing community
• Able to cooperate with and complete study questionnaires and related procedures

Exclusion Criteria:

• Severe mental illness that impairs ability to cooperate with the study
• End-stage disease (confirmed by clinical diagnosis)
• Clinically assessed life expectancy < 1 year

The study population is derived from community-dwelling elderly residents in Beijing. Specifically, it includes individuals aged 60 years and older who live permanently in Beijing's communities (not in hospitals, nursing homes, or other institutional care settings) and are able to participate in routine health assessments and follow-ups. This population covers a broad age spectrum, ranging from young elderly (60-69 years) to super-elderly (90 years and older), and reflects the general health and living characteristics of Beijing's community-residing elderly group.

This study implements a data management plan centered on privacy protection and regulatory compliance. Individual Participant Data (IPD), including participants' demographic details, health indicators, and biological sample data, is collected via standardized forms and stored in encrypted databases with access controls (e.g., role-based permission management).

IPD might not be shared primarily due to privacy protection requirements. IPD contains sensitive personal health information, which is strictly regulated by laws such as the Personal Information Protection Law and ethical review commitments. Sharing IPD would require explicit informed consent from each participant, and unauthorized sharing risks privacy leakage (e.g., medical history exposure leading to discrimination). Given the sensitivity of elderly participants' health data, non-sharing is adopted to avoid potential harms and ensure compliance.