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This is an interventional study targeting female university students. The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a vaccine chatbot in improving HPV vaccination rates. The secondary objectives are to evaluate the effectiveness in improving vaccine awareness and vaccination intention. All participants will be enrolled and randomly assigned to four groups: (1) vaccine chatbot plus scientific videos, (2) vaccine chatbot only, (3) scientific videos only, and (4) a control group (no intervention). The chatbot will provide immediate, validated answers to participants' HPV vaccine-related questions. The scientific videos will cover content related to HPV vaccine safety, efficacy, and other relevant information. The study will compare changes in HPV vaccine awareness, vaccination intention, and vaccination behavior between the intervention groups and the control group after the intervention to evaluate whether the three intervention strategies enhance HPV vaccine awareness, vaccination intention, and vaccination uptake.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vaccine chatbot + Watching scientific videos group | Experimental | The chatbot will provide immediate, validated answers to participants' HPV vaccine-related questions. Scientific videos cover content related to HPV vaccine safety, efficacy, and other relevant information. |
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| Watching scientific videos group | Experimental | Scientific videos cover content related to HPV vaccine safety, efficacy, and other relevant information. |
|
| Vaccine chatbot group | Experimental | The chatbot will provide immediate, validated answers to participants' HPV vaccine-related questions. |
|
| Control group | No Intervention | No intervention |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scientific videos | Device | Provide scientific videos related to HPV vaccine |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| HPV vaccination rates for female university students in all groups before and after the intervention | Whether female university students get vaccinated against HPV or have an appointment for vaccination, measured by self-report and validated by vaccination information system | Baseline and two months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| HPV vaccine awareness for eligible female university students in all groups before and after the intervention | A questionnaire consisting of 11 questions related to HPV vaccines will be used to investigate the awareness of HPV vaccines.Total knowledge score is calculated based on the number of questions answered correctly by the participants and the higher scores mean a better outcome. | Baseline and two weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Vaccine chatbot acceptability and implementability | A questionnaire consisting of 10 questions assessing usability and feasibility, fairness and safety, user experience, and overall assessment of the chatbot, measured using a five-point Likert scale from "not willing at all" to "strongly willing" | Two weeks |
| Factors influencing vaccination intention for eligible female university students |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Vaccine chatbot | Device | Provide vaccine chatbot to answer HPV vaccine questions |
|
| HPV vaccination intention for eligible female university students in all groups before and after the intervention | Female university students' willingness to vaccinate themselves, measured using a five-point Likert scale from "not willing at all" to "strongly willing" | Baseline and two weeks |
Survey items: age, education level, marital status, occupation, annual income, and awareness of vaccines. |
| Two weeks and six months |
| HPV vaccination rates for female university students in all groups after the intervention | Whether female university students get vaccinated against HPV or have an appointment for vaccination, measured by self-report and validated by vaccination information system | two weeks, one month and six months |