Mothers who met the eligibility criteria were randomly assigned to the sensory mindfulness intervention group. After providing informed consent, participants completed the Descriptive Information Form, WHO-5 Well-Being Index, Parental Stressor Scale: NICU (PSS:NICU), and Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAMS-R). Mothers received standard training on breast milk pumping techniques and structured sensory mindfulness training. The intervention included exposure to the infant's scent using a beanie worn by the infant, visualization of the infant, viewing the infant's photograph, and positive thinking/sensory awareness exercises. Mothers performed the sensory mindfulness practice for approximately 8-10 minutes before each pumping session over a 14-day period. Breast milk volume (mL) and pumping duration (minutes) were recorded at baseline and follow-up assessments conducted on Days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 14.

Mothers assigned to the control group received routine care and standard breast milk pumping education only. Participants completed the Descriptive Information Form, WHO-5 Well-Being Index, Parental Stressor Scale: NICU (PSS:NICU), and Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAMS-R). Breast milk volume (mL) and pumping duration (minutes) were recorded at baseline and follow-up assessments conducted on Days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 14. No mindfulness, relaxation, or sensory awareness intervention was provided.

Sensory mindfulness intervention consisting of infant scent exposure (using a beanie worn by the infant), infant photograph visualization, positive thinking, and sensory awareness exercises performed for approximately 8-10 minutes before each breast milk pumping session. The intervention was administered over a 14-day period in addition to standard breast milk pumping education.

The amount of expressed breast milk (mL) measured during the study period. Milk volume was recorded separately for morning and evening pumping sessions using the Intervention Observation Form.

The duration of each breast milk pumping session recorded in minutes using the Intervention Observation Form

Maternal psychological well-being assessed using the WHO-5 Well-Being Index. Higher scores indicate better well-being.