Intervention Group: Received two 1 gm doses of Vitamin C intravenously (IV). first Dose: At midnight on the day of surgery. Second Dose: Immediately after the surgical incision. Control Group: Received two doses of a normal saline intravenously (IV) at the exact same times.

The primary outcome was to compare intraoperative blood loss between patients who received intravenous Vitamin C and those who did not, following an abdominal hysterectomy under general anesthesia.

Intraoperative estimated blood loss (EBL) was meticulously quantified by weighing surgical gauze and measuring suction canister volumes.

The secondary outcomes were to evaluate the potential benefits of Vitamin C administration, including:

• Reduction in the decline of hematocrit levels after surgery.
• Reduction of the length of hospital stay

Inclusion Criteria:

• Female patients who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy

  • No bleeding tendency.
  • No history of anticoagulant or thrombolytic drug use
  • No contraindications to vitamin C supplementation

Exclusion Criteria:

• Inability to communicate in the Thai language.

  • Underwent total abdominal hysterectomy due to gynecologic malignancy.
  • Required emergency total abdominal hysterectomy.
  • History of vitamin C supplementation within 2 weeks prior to surgery.
  • History of smoking.
  • Previous abdominal surgery, such as bowel surgery, cesarean section

Data was save in form of microsoft excel spreadsheet and SPSS file