The aim of this study is to estimate the sensitivity of olfactory detection of urothelial carcinomas of the bladder in urine samples by assistance dogs trained in this practice.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult (> 18 years old)
• Subject scheduled for any endourological surgery involving an initial cystoscopy, the most common of which are: transurethral resection of the bladder, transurethral resection of the prostate, internal optical urethrotomy, bladder lithoclast, ureteral stent replacement, ureteroscopy, etc. (non-exhaustive list)
• Subjects for whom a urine sample (for bacteriological or cytological testing) is planned as part of routine practice in the month prior to the procedure
• Subjects affiliated with a health insurance plan or beneficiaries of such a plan

Exclusion Criteria:

• Absence of signed informed consent / inability to provide the subject with informed information (emergency situations, difficulties in understanding the subject, etc.)
• Patient under guardianship, conservatorship, or judicial protection
• History of cancer other than urothelial bladder carcinoma, unless in complete remission for > 5 years
• Pregnant or breastfeeding women

Subject scheduled for any endourological surgery involving an initial cystoscopy, the most common of which are: transurethral resection of the bladder, transurethral resection of the prostate, internal optical urethrotomy, bladder lithoclast, ureteral stent replacement, ureteroscopy, etc. (non-exhaustive list).

Recruitment will take place in the urology department, during the preoperative consultation or during hospitalization.