This study aimed to investigate the effect of gluteus medius activation using electromyography (EMG) biofeedback combined with balance training on balance, physical performance, gluteus medius muscle activity, and quality of life in osteoporotic elderly patients.

Inclusion Criteria:

• All patients included in this study met the following criteria:

  1. Sixty patients of both sexes were diagnosed with osteoporosis confirmed by bone density test through Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan (A T-score equal to or less than - 2.5) (Sheu and Diamond, 2016).
  2. Their age ranged between 65 - 75 years.
  3. Their BMI ranged between 25 - 29.9 kg/m2.
  4. They had good mentality and cognitive function.

Exclusion Criteria:

• The potential patients were excluded if they have one of the following criteria:

  1. Patients with endocrine disorders likely to be related to metabolic bone disease, such as premature ovarian failure, hypogonadism, untreated hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, adrenal insufficiency or Cushing's syndrome.
  2. Patients with active contagious skin conditions.
  3. Patients with implant devices such as pacemaker or electrical prosthesis.
  4. Any cardiopulmonary disorders.
  5. Any neuromuscular disorders.
  6. Any acute viral infection.
  7. Patients with ascites or end stage liver or kidney failure.
  8. Leg discrepancy.