This randomized clinical study compares the transfer accuracy of semi-digital and fully digital indirect bonding trays in orthodontic treatment. Thirty-two patients were randomly divided into two groups to receive brackets bonded with either semi-digital trays (thermoformed on 3D printed models) or fully digital trays (directly 3D printed). The primary outcome measures are linear and angular deviations between the virtually planned and actual clinical bracket positions, analyzed using 3D superimposition techniques.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients aged 12-25 years in permanent dentition
• Had a mild irregularity (≤ 3mm)
• Requiring comprehensive fixed orthodontic treatment and had no previous orthodontic therapy
• Not having malformed, excessively rotated, large restorations or missing teeth in the upper arch

Exclusion Criteria:

• Inadequate oral hygiene
• Had severe crowding
• Systemic or craniofacial anomalies