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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sumeyra Doluoglu | Other Identifier | University of Health Sciences, Ankara Etlik City Hospital |
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This multicenter, cross-sectional survey study aims to evaluate the perceived level of safety and security against workplace violence among otolaryngology-head and neck surgery (ENT-HNS) physicians in Turkey. The study investigates the association between exposure to workplace violence and perceived safety, as well as the adequacy of institutional support mechanisms. Data will be collected through an anonymous online questionnaire distributed nationwide. The findings are expected to contribute to awareness and the development of preventive strategies and institutional safety policies for healthcare professionals.
Workplace violence against healthcare professionals represents a significant occupational hazard, particularly for physicians working in high-risk clinical settings. ENT-HNS physicians frequently encounter high patient volumes, emergency conditions, and invasive procedures, which may increase the risk of violent incidents.
This non-interventional, cross-sectional study will be conducted using an anonymous, online survey distributed to ENT-HNS specialists and residents across Turkey. The questionnaire includes demographic and professional characteristics, workload indicators, exposure to different types of workplace violence (verbal, physical, and threats), reporting behaviors, and perceived safety levels measured using the "Healthcare Professionals' Safety and Security Perception Scale Against Violence."
The study involves minimal risk, limited to possible psychological discomfort due to recalling prior experiences of violence. No identifying information will be collected, and all data will be stored securely. Results will be reported in aggregate form only.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| ENT Physicians | Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (ENT-HNS) specialist and resident physicians aged 18 years or older working in Turkey who voluntarily participate in the study. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Online Survey Questionnaire | Other | An anonymous, web-based questionnaire administered via Google Forms to assess demographic characteristics, workload, exposure to workplace violence, reporting behaviors, and perceived safety against workplace violence using a validated safety perception scale. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Perceived Safety Score Against Workplace Violence | Total score obtained from the Healthcare Professionals' Safety and Security Perception Scale Against Violence, a self-administered questionnaire assessing perceived safety and security in the workplace. The scale consists of items scored on a Likert-type scale, with a minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 10. Higher scores indicate a higher perceived level of safety and security against workplace violence. | At survey completion (single time point, baseline assessment) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Participants Reporting Exposure to Workplace Violence | Self-reported exposure to workplace violence, categorized as verbal violence, physical violence, and threats, assessed using a structured questionnaire developed for this study. | At survey completion (single time point, baseline assessment) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (ENT-HNS) specialist and resident physicians aged 18 years or older working in Turkey who voluntarily participate in the study.
Individual participant data will not be shared.
De-identified data may be available from the corresponding investigator upon reasonable request, subject to ethics committee approval.
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| Correlation Between Perceived Safety Score and Exposure to Workplace Violence |
Correlation between: Perceived Safety Score measured by the Healthcare Professionals' Safety and Security Perception Scale Against Violence (continuous total score, range 0-10), and Exposure to workplace violence (yes/no), assessed via self-reported questionnaire. |
| At survey completion (single time point, baseline assessment) |