Workplace Violence and Safety Perception Among ENT Physicians in Turkey

Perceived Safety and Security Against Workplace Violence Among Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Physicians: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Survey Study in Turkey

This multicenter, cross-sectional survey study aims to evaluate the perceived level of safety and security against workplace violence among otolaryngology-head and neck surgery (ENT-HNS) physicians in Turkey. The study investigates the association between exposure to workplace violence and perceived safety, as well as the adequacy of institutional support mechanisms. Data will be collected through an anonymous online questionnaire distributed nationwide. The findings are expected to contribute to awareness and the development of preventive strategies and institutional safety policies for healthcare professionals.

Workplace violence against healthcare professionals represents a significant occupational hazard, particularly for physicians working in high-risk clinical settings. ENT-HNS physicians frequently encounter high patient volumes, emergency conditions, and invasive procedures, which may increase the risk of violent incidents.

This non-interventional, cross-sectional study will be conducted using an anonymous, online survey distributed to ENT-HNS specialists and residents across Turkey. The questionnaire includes demographic and professional characteristics, workload indicators, exposure to different types of workplace violence (verbal, physical, and threats), reporting behaviors, and perceived safety levels measured using the "Healthcare Professionals' Safety and Security Perception Scale Against Violence."

The study involves minimal risk, limited to possible psychological discomfort due to recalling prior experiences of violence. No identifying information will be collected, and all data will be stored securely. Results will be reported in aggregate form only.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Licensed ENT-HNS specialist or resident physician
• Aged 18 years or older
• Willingness to participate and provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Physicians from other medical specialties
• Surveys with more than 20% missing data