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The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if culturally targeted messaging about the human papillomavirus (HPV) increases receptivity to the HPV vaccine among African American parents of vaccine-eligible daughters. The main question it aims to answer is:
• Does culturally targeted messaging increase African American parents' intentions to vaccinate their daughter against HPV?
Research will compare culturally targeted messaging to general, educational messaging and no messaging.
Participants will:
Cervical cancer incidence and mortality are higher for African American women than for White women. The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is the most effective strategy for reducing risk for cervical cancer. However, African American girls are less likely to have completed the HPV vaccine series than White girls. The present research will evaluate a culturally targeted approach to health messaging about the HPV vaccine for parents with vaccine-eligible daughters. The central hypothesis is that African American parents will have greater receptivity to the HPV vaccine after receiving culturally targeted messaging compared to parents who receive no messaging or education-only messaging about HPV vaccination. The primary aims are: 1) evaluate effects of HPV vaccine education on White and African American parents' receptivity to the HPV vaccine, and whether culturally targeted messaging enhances HPV vaccine receptivity among African American parents, 2) compare effects of education-only versus culturally targeted messaging on activation of racism-related thinking when considering child HPV vaccination, and 3) examine the effects of racism-related medical mistrust on the effectiveness of culturally targeted messaging. General and culturally targeted messaging about the HPV vaccine were developed in collaboration with community members and a local health educator. Participants will report their intentions to vaccinate their daughter against HPV immediately after viewing health messaging, as well as initiation of the HPV vaccine series for their daughter 6-months post-messaging.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| African American Culturally Targeted Messaging | Experimental | Culturally targeted messaging about the HPV vaccine for African American parents |
|
| African American General, Education-Only Messaging | Active Comparator | African American participants receive general, education-only messaging about the HPV vaccine. |
|
| African American No Message | No Intervention | African American participants receive no messaging about the HPV vaccine | |
| White General, Education-Only Messaging | Active Comparator | White participants receive general, education-only messaging about the HPV vaccine. |
|
| White No Message | No Intervention | White participants receive no messaging about the HPV vaccine |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| General HPV Vaccine Health Messaging | Behavioral | General, education-only messaging about the HPV vaccine does not include culturally targeted messaging. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| HPV Vaccine Attitudes | Subscale of Theory of Planned Behavior measuring attitudes toward the HPV vaccine on response scale ranging from 1 = Strongly disagree to 7 = Strongly agree, where higher average scores indicate more positive attitudes | Immediately following and 6-months post-health messaging |
| HPV Vaccine Normative Beliefs | Subscale of Theory of Planned Behavior measuring the extent to which participants believe other people are favorable toward the HPV vaccine on response scale ranging from 1 = Strongly disagree to 7 = Strongly agree, where higher average scores indicate stronger normative beliefs | Immediately following and 6-months post-health messaging |
| HPV Vaccine Perceived Behavioral Control | Subscale of Theory of Planned Behavior measuring beliefs about ability to vaccinate their child on response scale ranging from 1 = Strongly disagree to 7 = Strongly agree, where higher average scores indicate greater perceived behavioral control | Immediately following and 6-months post-health messaging |
| HPV Vaccine Intentions | Subscale of Theory of Planned Behavior measuring intentions to vaccinate their child on response scale ranging from 1 = Strongly disagree to 7 = Strongly agree, where higher average scores indicate greater intentions | Immediately following and 6-months post-health messaging |
| Vaccination Initiation | 1 self-report item measuring whether parents' daughters have received at least one dose of the HPV vaccine since completion of the initial survey, with Yes/No response options | 6-months post-health messaging |
| Vaccination Discussion |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Anticipatory Racism | 3 items measuring the extent to which parents expect racism-related factors to interfere with getting the HPV vaccine for their daughter on a 7-point response scale on response scale ranging from 1 = Strongly disagree to 7 = Strongly agree, where higher average scores indicate greater expectations of racism | Immediately following health messaging |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Olivia Aspiras, PhD | Contact | 810-600-9181 | aspiraso@msu.edu |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flint Journal Building | Recruiting | Flint | Michigan | 48502 | United States |
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This research will use a 2 (White, African American) x 3 (No message, Education-only message, Culturally targeted message) quasi-experimental design. All participants will be randomly assigned to a no-message control group or to receive educational materials about HPV vaccination. Half of African American parents who receive educational materials will also view culturally targeted messaging about the HPV vaccine.
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Participants will be unaware of their assignment to a general, education-only versus culturally targeted messaging condition.
| Culturally Targeted HPV Vaccine Health Messaging | Behavioral | Educational messaging about the HPV vaccine includes culturally targeted messaging about the HPV vaccine. |
|
1 self-report item measuring whether parents have discussed the HPV vaccine with their daughters' healthcare provider since completion of the initial survey, with Yes/No response options |
| 6-months post-health messaging |