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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| QuantumTX Pte Ltd | NETWORK |
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The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy works to improve sports performance and recovery in athletes. The main questions it aims to answer are:
Participants will:
This is a prospective, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled superiority trial with two parallel groups and a 1:1 allocation ratio investigating the effects of PEMF therapy on athletes. Participants will be recruited from the Physical Education and Sports Science Department at the National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University in Singapore. Researchers will monitor sports performance and recovery outcomes during baseline assessment and at the 8- and 12-week follow-ups after the start of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) therapy. The PEMF therapy will last for 8 weeks, with the final assessment scheduled at week 12. The outcomes measured at 8 weeks will reflect the short-term effects, while the final time point may indicate the carry-over effects of PEMF therapy on athletes.
The PEMF therapy will be administered using a commercial device (QuantumTX Pte). The delivery of PEMF to the leg will not produce heat or cause any sensation, which allows the participants to be blinded to the treatment. Participants in the control group will receive sham exposure with the same PEMF device. Each leg will undergo either active PEMF therapy or sham PEMF therapy for 10 minutes per session, with the treatment administered twice weekly for 8 weeks, resulting in a total of 16 sessions. The PEMF device will be activated by the Radiofrequency Identification (RFID) card, which will be coded to deliver either the active or sham PEMF treatment. The PEMF therapy procedure will be as follows: The participant will be seated in a 90° position on a chair, and the entire quadriceps muscle will be placed within the solenoids of the PEMF device. When active, the device delivered uniform 1.2 mT, 50 Hz PEMFs to each quadriceps muscle for 10 minutes.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Active PEMF Group | Experimental | The active PEMF group will receive 8 weeks of active pulsed electromagnetic field therapy. |
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| Sham PEMF Group | Sham Comparator | The sham PEMF group will receive 8 weeks of sham pulsed electromagnetic field therapy. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy | Device | The experimental group will receive active Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) therapy twice weekly for 8 weeks, for a total of 16 sessions. Participants will sit comfortably in a chair with their legs placed inside the solenoid of the PEMF device. The active PEMF settings are 1.2 milliTesla (mT) at 50 Hertz (Hz). Each PEMF session will last 20 minutes, with 10 minutes of active PEMF exposure per leg. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Wingate anaerobic test rate of fatigue | The Wingate anaerobic test involves a 30-second all-out cycling effort performed while stationary. Participants pedal as fast as possible against a standardised resistance for 30 seconds. The percentage decline in power output is calculated from the peak power to the lowest power during the test. It measures how quickly an individual fatigues during intense anaerobic exercise and their capacity to sustain high power output. | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks, and a 12-week follow-up |
| Blood lactate level | Finger-prick blood sampling for lactate levels will be performed at 4 time points (baseline and 5, 15, and 30 min after the Wingate anaerobic test). | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks, and a 12-week follow-up |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Wingate anaerobic test peak power | The Wingate anaerobic test involves a 30-second all-out cycling effort performed at a stationary position. Participants will pedal as fast as possible against a standardised resistance for 30 seconds. The highest power output achieved during the 30-second Wingate anaerobic test will be recorded as the peak power in Watts. | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks, and a 12-week follow-up |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pui Wah KONG, PhD | Contact | (65) 67903897 | puiwah.kong@nie.edu.sg | |
| Stephen Francis BURNS, PhD | Contact | (65) 62196214 | stephen.burns@nie.edu.sg |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Pui Wah KONG, PhD | Nanyang Technological University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human Bioenergetics Laboratory | Recruiting | Singapore | 637616 | Singapore |
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| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy | View source |
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Individual participant data will be shared upon reasonable requests.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| Sham Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy | Device | The control group will receive sham Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) therapy twice weekly for 8 weeks, for a total of 16 sessions. Participants will sit comfortably in a chair with their legs placed inside the solenoid of the PEMF device. The sham PEMF settings are 0 milliTesla (mT) at 0 Hertz (Hz). Each PEMF session will last 20 minutes, with 10 minutes of sham PEMF exposure per leg. |
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| Wingate anaerobic test mean power | The Wingate anaerobic test involves a 30-second all-out cycling effort performed at a stationary position. Participants will pedal as fast as possible against a standardised resistance for 30 seconds. The average power output achieved during the 30-second Wingate anaerobic test will be recorded as the mean power in Watts. | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks, and a 12-week follow-up |
| Skeletal muscle mass | Skeletal muscle mass in kilograms will be assessed using the InBody Body Composition Analyser while standing. Skeletal muscle mass specifically relates to muscles that can grow through training. | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks, and a 12-week follow-up |
| Muscle stiffness | Muscle stiffness of the vastus lateralis will be assessed using the MyotonPRO Digital Palpation Device at rest. | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks, and a 12-week follow-up |
| Muscle oxygen saturation | Muscle oxygen saturation of the vastus lateralis will be measured using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) before, during, and after the Wingate anaerobic test. | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks, and a 12-week follow-up |
| Muscle activity | Muscle activity of the vastus lateralis will be recorded using surface electromyography (EMG) during the Wingate anaerobic test. | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks, and a 12-week follow-up |
| Strength | Strength will be measured using the isometric mid-thigh pull test. Participants will pull against a fixed metal chain while standing on the back extension dynamometer platform. The dynamometer will record the maximum force exerted. | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks, and a 12-week follow-up |