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The goal of this clinical trial is to assess the effectiveness of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy as an adjunct to warm-up exercises, in healthy participants. Researchers will investigate both the immediate effect of one round of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy (PEMF) and after a warm-up exercise, on participants' range-of-motion (ROM) at the knee and quadriceps' muscle stiffness, measured through shear wave elastography, an ultrasound technique. This may be useful in future interventions to protect against sports injuries.
Participants will have their knee ROM and quadriceps' muscle stiffness measured thrice, once at baseline, once after PEMF/sham treatment, and once after 5 minutes of warm-up stationary bike exercises.
Researchers will compare with sham treatment to see if there are any significant effects from PEMF therapy.
The goal of this clinical trial is to assess the effectiveness of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy as an adjunct to warm-up exercises, in healthy participants. Researchers will investigate both the immediate effect of one round of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy (PEMF) and after a warm-up exercise, on participants' range-of-motion (ROM) at the knee and quadriceps' muscle stiffness, measured through shear wave elastography, an ultrasound technique. This may be useful in future interventions to protect against sports injuries.
Participants will have their knee ROM and quadriceps' muscle stiffness measured thrice, once at baseline, once after PEMF/sham treatment, and once after 5 minutes of warm-up stationary bike exercises.
Researchers will compare with sham treatment to see if there are any significant effects from PEMF therapy.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| PEMF treatment arm | Experimental | Participants receive PEMF therapy. During this, the participant is seated with their right leg extended and with the bore of the PEMF machine between their knee and hip joints, with their left leg at rest. PEMF was applied at 1 mT, 15 Hz for 10 minutes. |
|
| Control arm | Sham Comparator | Participants receive sham therapy, where the PEMF machine does not apply the pulsed electromagnetic waves. However, during this, the participant is kept in the same position as those in the treatment arm. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pulsed electromagnetic field therapy | Device | Pulsed electromagnetic field therapy for 10 minutes, using a PEMF device, at 1 mT, 15 Hz. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in knee range-of-motion from baseline immediately after PEMF and after warm-up exercise, as assessed by goniometer | A goniometer will be used to measure the knee range-of-motion: the static arm will follow a line joining the knee to the greater trochanter of the femur, and the moving arm a line from the knee to the lateral malleolus of the ankle | From before PEMF/sham treatment to end of treatment and warm-up exercise, within 1 hour |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in quadriceps muscle stiffness from baseline immediately after PEMF and after warm-up exercise, as assessed by ultrasound shear wave elastography | Ultrasound imaging and shear wave elastography will be used to measure the stiffness of the three superficial quadriceps muscles (vastus medialis, vastus lateralis and rectus femoris). Markings will be made to standardise the position of scanning. Ultrasound imaging will be used to verify the muscle being scanned. After shear wave is applied and a stable image is obtained, Young's modulus will be measured as a measure of muscle stiffness. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Justine Tin Nok Chan | University of Cambridge | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CUHK-ORT Sports Injury Research Laboratory | Hong Kong | 000000 | Hong Kong |
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| Sham treatment | Device | Sham treatment, using the same PEMF device |
|
| From before PEMF/sham treatment to end of treatment and warm-up exercise, within 1 hour |