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Peripheral venous catheterization, which involves the placement of an invasive device into the lumen of a peripheral vein, is a commonly used procedure in children receiving hospital treatment.IV insertion is a particularly painful and stressful experience for children. This is because children have more limited coping skills than adults. This study was designed as a randomized controlled trial to examine the effect of sticker intervention on pain and anxiety experienced during IV insertion.
The study consists of an sticker group and a control group. Participants will be assigned to groups using stratified randomization. Anxiety levels in both groups will be assessed using the Children's Anxiety Scale-State (ÇAS-D), while pain levels will be evaluated by both the child and the researcher using a visual pain scale before, during, and after the procedure.For children in both groups, 10 minutes before the intravenous procedure, both the child and the researcher will rate the child's anxiety and pain using scales.During the IV procedure, the researcher will place the sticker chosen by the child on the IV insertion site. Meanwhile, the researcher will rate the child's anxiety and pain using scales. No sticker will be placed on the IV insertion site of the control group, and the child's anxiety and pain will be rated using scales.For both groups, 10 minutes after the intravenous procedure, both the child and the researcher will rate the child's anxiety and pain using scales.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sticker Group | Experimental | The researcher will provide stickers that children in the sticker group can choose according to their own preferences during the application phase.Children's anxiety and pain will be assessed based on both the researcher's and the child's reports before, during, and after the procedure, following consent from the mothers. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| control group | Behavioral | Children in the control group will not undergo any procedures other than routine hospital procedures. Children's anxiety and pain will be assessed based on both the researcher's and the child's reports before, during, and after the procedure, following consent from the mothers. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Outcome Measures | The outcome measures for the sociodemographic data of the study will be collected using an "Information Form" containing questions about the child's age, gender, and descriptive characteristics such as whether they have previously had an intravenous catheter inserted. | For children in both groups: Ten minutes before the intravenous procedure, during the procedure, and ten minutes after the procedure, both the child and the researcher will rate the child's anxiety and pain using scales. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| 2. Outcome Measures | Visual Pain Scale: The scale is a 10 cm line scaled from 1 to 10 to determine the severity of pain in children, with 10 representing maximum pain and 0 representing no pain. Patients are asked to mark a spot on the scale according to the pain they feel. | For children in both groups: Ten minutes before the intravenous procedure, during the procedure, and ten minutes after the procedure, both the child and the researcher will rate the child's pain using scales. |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| HASRET YAĞMUR SEVİNÇ AKIN, Assistant Professor | Harran University | Study Director |
| MAKSUDE YILDIRIM, Assistant Professor | Adiyaman University | Study Chair |
| BARIÅž AKIN, Specialist Nurse | MARDIN EDUCATION AND RESEARCH HOSPITAL | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mardin Education and Research Hospital | Mardin | Artuklu | 47100 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
The data from the study will be published as a scientific article.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| D000377 | Agnosia |
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D010468 | Perceptual Disorders |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D035061 | Control Groups |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015340 | Epidemiologic Research Design |
| D004812 | Epidemiologic Methods |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
| D012107 | Research Design |
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Before implementing data collection tools, children and mothers will be informed, and data will be collected through face-to-face interviews using data collection forms after obtaining consent from those who agree to participate in the study. Children in the sticker group will be provided with stickers by the researcher during the application phase, which they can choose according to their own preferences.Children's anxiety and pain will be assessed based on both the researcher's and the child's reports before, during, and after the procedure, following consent from the mothers.
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| 3. Outcome Measures | Child Anxiety Scale-State (CAS-D): The scale is designed in the shape of a thermometer. Each horizontal line on the thermometer represents one point, and the light bulb at the bottom represents 0 points. As you move upward, the score increases, with a maximum of 10 points. A score of 0 on the scale indicates no anxiety, while a score of 10 indicates the highest level of anxiety. | For children in both groups: Ten minutes before the intravenous procedure, during the procedure, and ten minutes after the procedure, both the child and the researcher will rate the child's anxiety using scales. |
| D019954 | Neurobehavioral Manifestations |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D008722 | Methods |