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The purpose of this quasi-experimental study is to examine the effect of visually immersive preoperative education on levels of anxiety and patient outcomes in patients undergoing cardiothoracic (open heart) surgery
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention - Visually Immersive Video Education | Experimental | Participants receive visually immersive (virtual reality-designed) preoperative video education shown on a tablet that orients patients to the postoperative CVICU environment, equipment, and expected recovery processes. After viewing the video, the open-heart trained CVICU nurse provides opportunity for discussion, clarification, and questions. Assignment to this arm occurs during intervention weeks (Weeks 1-2 of each month, per protocol). |
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| Control - Standard Preoperative Education | Active Comparator | Participants receive standard preoperative education consisting of a basic verbal explanation of what to expect postoperatively on arrival to the CVICU, followed by opportunity for questions. Assignment to this arm occurs during control weeks (Weeks 3-4 of each month, per protocol). |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Visually Immersive Video | Behavioral | The patients watch a 5-minute visually immersive education video on what to expect postoperatively on arrival to the cardiovascular intensive care unit (CVICU) followed by the opportunity for discussion/explanation and questions. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Anxiety relief (self-report measure 1 - State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) | Patient's anxiety will be measured using the 20-item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) (state scale only) (higher scores indicate higher anxiety), taken before and after preoperative education is received. | 30 minutes |
| Anxiety relief (self-report measure 2 - Visual Analog Scale for Anxiety) | Patient's anxiety will be measured using the Visual Analog Scale for Anxiety (VAS-A), a slider scale of 0 - 100 is used to self-report anxiety (0 = not anxious and 100 = extremely anxious), taken before and after preoperative education is received. | 30 minutes |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Anxiety relief (physiological measure 1 - blood pressure) | Blood pressure is measured before and after receipt of preoperative education. Increased anxiety may cause elevation of this physiological indicator. | 30 minutes |
| Anxiety relief (physiological measure 2 - heart rate) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Natalie Bermudez, PhD, RN, EBP-C | Baptist Health | Nursing & Health Sciences Research | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| South Miami Hospital | Miami | Florida | 33143 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D059039 | Standard of Care |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019984 | Quality Indicators, Health Care |
| D011787 | Quality of Health Care |
| D006298 | Health Services Administration |
| D017530 | Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation |
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| Standard of Care | Behavioral | The patient receives a basic verbal explanation of what to expect postoperatively on arrival to CVICU followed by the opportunity for questions. |
|
Heart rate is measured before and after receipt of preoperative education. Increased anxiety may cause elevation of this physiological indicator. |
| 30 minutes |
| Anxiety relief (physiological measure 3 - respiratory rate) | Respiratory rate is measured before and after receipt of preoperative education. Increased anxiety may cause elevation of this physiological indicator. | 30 minutes |
| Postoperative CVICU Outcome 1 - Length of Stay | Patients' length of stay (# days) in the CVICU. | Within 30 days after the patient is discharged from CVICU |
| Postoperative CVICU Outcome 2 - Intubation Time | Intubation time = Length of time the patient is on mechanical ventilation. | Within 30 days after the patient is discharged from CVICU |
| Postoperative CVICU Outcome 3 - Re-intubation | Re-intubation after initial removal from mechanical ventilation (yes or no). | Within 30 days after the patient is discharged from CVICU |
| Postoperative CVICU Outcome 4 - Blood Sugar Regulation | Blood sugar regulation = comparison of point-of-care blood sugar levels taken on postoperative day 1 and on the day of discharge from CVICU. | Within 30 days after the patient is discharged from CVICU |