Effects of rTMS on Balance Performance and Functional Mobility in Parkinson's Disease

Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Balance Performance and Functional Mobility in People With Parkinson's Disease : A Double-Blind Randomized Crossover Pilot Study

This study aimed to investigate the effects of rTMS on balance performance and functional mobility in people with PD. Additionally, it further examines the effects of single-session low-frequency and high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on balance performance and functional mobility.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with primary Parkinson's disease
2. Age: 40-85 years
3. Hoehn and Yahr scale (H&Y scale) : I-III
4. Appropriate prescribed medication, and regular intake for more than 2 weeks
5. Can walk more than 10m with or without the use of assistive devices

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Any other neurological presentation (Excluding PD)
2. Any neurological surgery that would affect participation in this experiment
3. Orthopedic pathology and Cardiovascular issues
4. MMSE≦24
5. Exercise used for treatment in the last three months
6. Contraindications for transcranial magnetic stimulation (Presence of metal implants in the head and neck, a pacemaker in the chest, personal or family history of epilepsy, recent brain injury, currently taking antidepressant medication.)