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Study Title: A Real-World Study on Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer (ES-SCLC) What is this study about? This research aims to learn more about how patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) are treated in real-world hospital settings and how they respond to those treatments. While new drugs like immunotherapies have shown promise in clinical trials, this study will observe their effectiveness and safety in everyday practice. The goal is to improve future treatment strategies for everyone with this disease.
What will I need to do if I join? This is an observational study. This means your doctors will decide your treatment plan as they normally would. The research team will not assign you any new or experimental treatments.
You will be asked to allow the researchers to collect information from your medical records about your diagnosis, treatment, and health status.
You will need to agree to regular follow-up visits (about every 3 months) by phone or clinic visit so we can track your health over time.
Optional Part: You may choose to provide extra blood and tissue samples (often taken during your routine care) for deeper laboratory research. Scientists will use these samples to try to grow "mini-tumors" (organoids) in the lab to study the disease and test drug responses. You can still participate in the main study even if you decline this part.
What are the benefits? You will receive more structured and consistent follow-up care. If you participate in the optional sample collection, you will receive a 100 RMB subsidy and a personal report on how your mini-tumor reacted to different drugs (this is for informational purposes only and not to guide your treatment).
Your participation will help doctors better understand ES-SCLC and improve care for future patients.
What are the risks or inconveniences? The main inconvenience is the time needed for follow-up visits. If you choose to provide tissue samples, the biopsy procedure itself carries standard risks (like pain, bleeding, or infection), which your doctor will manage carefully.
Your participation is completely voluntary. You can leave the study at any time without giving a reason, and it will not affect your relationship with your doctors or the quality of your medical care.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standard of Care Anti-tumor Therapy | Other | This is an observational cohort study. There is no intervention assigned by the study protocol. Treatment strategies (including but not limited to chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy, and local interventional therapy) are determined solely by the treating physician based on clinical practice guidelines and individual patient circumstances.Patients will receive real-world anti-tumor treatments as prescribed by their physicians. Common treatments for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) may include platinum-etoposide chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors (such as anti-PD-L1/PD-1 antibodies), radiotherapy, and other therapies per standard clinical practice. The study will observe and record these treatments and their outcomes. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Survival (OS) | From date of randomization until the date of death from any cause | From date of randomization until the date of death from any cause, assessed up to 100 months. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Progression-Free Survival (PFS) | From the date of randomization to the date of first recording of disease progression ( RECIST v1.1 ) or all-cause death, whichever occurred first. | From date of randomization until the date of first documented progression (RECIST v1.1) or death from any cause, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 100 months. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Adult patients (age ≥18 years) with histologically or cytologically confirmed extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC), defined as stage IV according to the AJCC 9th edition cancer staging system, who are scheduled to receive any antitumor therapy (including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, etc.). Participants must provide informed consent and be willing to comply with treatment and follow-up procedures.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D055752 | Small Cell Lung Carcinoma |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002283 | Carcinoma, Bronchogenic |
| D001984 | Bronchial Neoplasms |
| D008175 | Lung Neoplasms |
| D012142 | Respiratory Tract Neoplasms |
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| Objective Response Rate (ORR) | From date of randomization until the date of first documented progression, assessed by RECIST v1.1 criteria at 6- to 8-week | From date of randomization until the date of first documented progression, assessed by RECIST v1.1 criteria at 6- to 8-week intervals up to 100 months. |
| Grade ≥3 Adverse Events | The incidence of treatment-related adverse events ≥ grade 3 ( CTCAE v5.0 ). | From date of first treatment administration until 3 months after last dose, assessed by CTCAE v5.0 criteria. |
| D013899 |
| Thoracic Neoplasms |
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |