The Effectiveness of a Digital Mindfulness Nudge Intervention on Well-Being, Cognitive, and Academic Outcomes in College Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial
The Effectiveness of a Digital Mindfulness Nudge Intervention on Well-Being, Cognitive, and Academic Outcomes in College Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial
The goal of this controlled trial is to learn if a digital mindfulness nudge intervention named "28 Days of Mindful Moments" works to improve cognitive, well-being and academic outcomes in college students. The main questions it aims to answer are:
Cognitive: Does "28 Days of Mindful Moments" increase the level of mindfulness and decrease the level of rumination among participants? Well-Being: Does "28 Days of Mindful Moments" lower the levels of depression, anxiety, stress, negative affect and increase the levels of life satisfaction and positive affect among participants? Academic: Does "28 Days of Mindful Moments" increase the levels of productivity, study engagement, goal progress and decrease the levels of procrastination and study burnout among participants?
Researchers will compare the digital mindfulness nudge intervention to a waitlist control to see if the intervention works to improve the above outcomes.
Participants will:
Do daily mindfulness tasks/exercises such as mindful breathing or body scans for 1 month (28 Days) Fill in a questionnaire survey at two fixed time points (before and after for participants in the experimental group, before for participants in the control group) Fill in a follow-up survey
The proposed study will be held as a collaboration between SMU Mrs Wong Kwok Leong Student Wellness Centre and SMU researchers. The study aims to examine the efficacy of a month-long Digital Mindfulness Nudge intervention on improving students' cognitive, academic and well-being outcomes.
The study utilises an experimental method of the experimental group filling in a survey (regarding cognitive, academic and well-being outcomes) before and after the intervention that they will be taking part in while the control group only fills in the surveys before they begin the intervention. Both the experimental group and the control group will fill in a baseline survey, before the experimental group begins their intervention. The intervention for the experimental group will last for 28 days. Meanwhile, the control group will be informed that due to an influx of participants, they can only start their intervention later. Another questionnaire survey will be sent to both the experimental and the control group to be filled in after the intervention ends for the experimental group. At this point, the experimental group would have completed the month-long mindfulness intervention while the control group would not have begun the intervention (i.e. they would have gone about their normal daily activities for the past month). The intervention will then take place for the control group. Additionally, to investigate longer term effects of the intervention, each of the conditions' (experimental and control) participants will also be encouraged to take part in a follow-up survey two weeks after their respective conditions, to see if any improvements in their cognitive, academic and well-being outcomes are long-lasting. The study is not intended to study the prevention, prognostication, diagnosis or alleviation of any disease, disorder or injury affecting the human body, such as psychological disorders.
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
-