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This pilot study aims to evaluate how the diaphragm responds to different inspiratory muscle training loads using ultrasound in healthy individuals. The observational, cross-sectional research seeks to determine whether ultrasound measurements of diaphragm movement and thickness can more effectively guide load prescription, thereby optimizing the benefits of inspiratory training. Twenty healthy participants, of both sexes, aged 18 to 35 years, will be recruited through outreach at the Faculty of Physiotherapy at the University of Vigo. The assessment will include spirometry, maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) measurement, and ultrasound evaluations of the diaphragm at various loads (10%, 30%, 50%, and 70% of the MIP). Data will be analyzed to understand how diaphragm mobility, thickness, and contraction velocity vary according to load, with the goal of improving training prescription and adjustment. The study adheres to the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and ensures strict confidentiality and participant anonymity. The results will contribute to the understanding of non-invasive diaphragm assessment and its role in enhancing respiratory and physical performance.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy adults undergoing inspiratory muscle training at varying intensities | Ultrasound assessment of diaphragm movement and thickness, spirometry, maximum inspiratory pressure measurement, breathing exercises at different load intensities. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in diaphragmatic excursion during inspiratory muscle training at varying loads | Assessment of diaphragmatic excursion using ultrasound at 10%, 30%, 50%, and 70% of maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP). Evaluates the diaphragm's mobility as a primary measure of functional response to different inspiratory loads in healthy individuals. | Day 2: Baseline; Immediately after 10% MIP; Immediately after 30% MIP; Immediately after 50% MIP; Immediately after 70% MIP |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Diaphragmatic thickness at different inspiratory loads | Measurement of diaphragmatic thickness using ultrasound at 10%, 30%, 50%, and 70% of maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP). This evaluates muscular response and mobility related to varying inspiratory efforts in healthy subjects. | Day 2: Baseline; Immediately after 10% MIP; Immediately after 30% MIP; Immediately after 50% MIP; Immediately after 70% MIP |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Correlation between ultrasound measurements of diaphragmatic function and spirometry parameters | Analysis of the relationship between ultrasound measurements of diaphragmatic function (excursion, thickness, and contraction velocity) and spirometry parameters (such as FEV1, FVC, PEF) obtained in a separate session, to evaluate how ultrasound indicators reflect overall respiratory capacity in healthy individuals. |
Inclusion Criteria:
Healthy adults aged 18 to 35 years
No history of neuromuscular, cardiovascular, respiratory, or musculoskeletal diseases that could limit participation
Not currently on medication affecting muscle function
Willing to provide informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
Pregnant women
Recent thoracic or abdominal trauma (within the last 3 months)
Respiratory symptoms in the last two weeks
Conditions preventing performing forced inspiratory maneuvers
Recent respiratory muscle training (within the last 6 months)
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Healthy volunteers aged 18-35 years, without any history of respiratory or musculoskeletal diseases, and without conditions that could affect diaphragmatic function assessment.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Eva María Lantarón Caeiro L Dra Eva María Lantarón Caeiro, Dra | Universidad de Vigo | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Facultad de Fisioterapia-Universidade de Vigo | Pontevedra | España | 36005 | Spain |
The decision to share IPD has not yet been made. The data will be stored securely and may be considered for sharing in the future, depending on institutional policies, participant consent, and study outcomes.
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| Diaphragmatic contraction velocity at different inspiratory loads | Assessment of diaphragmatic contraction velocity using ultrasound at 10%, 30%, 50%, and 70% of MIP. Evaluates muscular response and mobility during inspiratory efforts. | Day 2: Baseline; Immediately after 10% MIP; Immediately after 30% MIP; Immediately after 50% MIP; Immediately after 70% MIP |
| Day 1: Spirometry session, prior to ultrasound evaluations. Day 2: Ultrasound evaluations: Baseline (reposo, pre-load); Immediately after 10% PIM; Immediately after 30% PIM; Immediately after 50% PIM; Immediately after 70% PIM. |