This study aims to explore whether early intervention for high-risk groups of gestational hyperglycemia can improve insulin resistance and effectively prevent the occurrence of GDM, and evaluate which pathophysiological subtypes of GDM have the best effect on improving maternal and fetal adverse prognosis, so as to provide evidence for stratified management and individualized clinical intervention of high glucose groups in pregnancy

Inclusion Criteria:

• 18-55 years old
• 6-14 weeks of pregnancy
• at least one risk factor for GDM
• signed a written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Individuals diagnosed with diabetes or prediabetes prior to pregnancy
• currently taking medications affecting blood glucose levels such as metformin
• women at risk of miscarriage
• individuals with chronic conditions (such as uncontrolled hypertension, severe heart disease)
• those with movement disorders or contraindicated conditions for physical activity
• patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgeries that alter glucose absorption
• those unable to maintain regular prenatal care (such as non-compliance with medical instructions or mental health issues).