The Effect of Couples' Participation in Childbirth Preparation Education on Pregnant Women's Perceived Spousal Support, Fear of Childbirth, and Self-Efficacy

The Effect of Couples' Participation in Childbirth Preparation Education on Pregnant Women's Perceived Spousal Support, Fear of Childbirth, and Self-Efficacy

Fear of childbirth can be defined as approaching the process of giving birth with fear and anxiety. The aim of prenatal education is to help expectant mothers develop positive feelings towards childbirth and to foster a sense of security.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Having applied to the specified institution within the study period
• Willingness to participate in the study
• Having at least a primary school education
• Pregnant women over the age of 18
• Being over the 20th week of pregnancy
• Having given birth vaginally at least once (for the multiparous group)
• Having a singleton pregnancy

Exclusion Criteria:

• Those who do not consent to participate in the study
• Pregnant women with a gestational age of less than 20 weeks
• Individuals with communication impairments
• Individuals with sensory-perceptual disorders
• Individuals with any psychiatric illness
• Pregnant women under the age of 18
• Pregnant women who have not completed at least primary school education.