Association Between Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Severity and Dental Caries

Association Between Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Severity and Dental Caries: A Cross-Sectional Study

This study aimed to assess the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) severity (based on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy) and dental caries severity.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic condition characterized by reflux of stomach acid into the esophagus, with a prevalence reaching 20-30% in many populations. Beyond its gastrointestinal manifestations, GERD may have extraesophageal effects, including oral health disturbances such as dental erosion and caries. Exposure of the oral cavity to gastric acid, especially in patients with severe or nocturnal reflux, may contribute to enamel demineralization, increased tooth decay, and lower salivary pH.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age 18-65 years.
• Both sexes.
• Diagnosed with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) by endoscopy.
• Consent to participate.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Xerostomia-related disorders.
• Recent antibiotics (last 4 weeks).
• Head/neck radiation history.
• Cognitive impairment affecting consent.
• Pregnant or lactating women.
• HbA1c above 6.4%.