The Perioperative Outcome of Epinephrine Infusion and Tranexamic Acid in Knee Arthroplasty Surgery

The Perioperative Outcome of Epinephrine Infusion and Tranexamic Acid in Knee Arthroplasty Surgery

The aim of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effect of administering low-dose epinephrine and tranexamic acid on perioperative blood loss, thromboembolic complications, and hospitalization duration in patients undergoing knee joint arthroplasty.

Also aim to evaluate the effect of administering low-dose epinephrine and tranexamic acid on perioperative thromboembolic complications, and hospitalization duration

Patients will be randomly divided into two groups: one receiving intravenous low-dose epinephrine and tranexamic acid, while the other will receive TXA alone as the control. Randomization to be done using a computer-generated table.

The study will be done a superiority clinical trial. with an estimated 24 hour blood loss of 300 ml, with standard deviation of 150 ml. a power of 80% and alpha 5%, an estimated sample size of 80 is needed to detect a difference.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients undergoing knee joint arthroplasty.
• Saudi and Non-Saudi Patient.
• Patients who have Complete medical record.

Exclusion Criteria:

• End stage renal disease
• Liver cirrhosis
• Coagulopathy
• Pre-operative Hgb <10 5.
• History of cerebrovascular accident or myocardial infarction in past 12 months.
• History of Heart failure.
• History of arrhythmia.
• History of pheochromocytoma, thyrotoxicosis and glaucoma.
• Pregnancy or breast feeding
• History of Deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism
• Allergy to epinephrine or tranexamic acid