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This study evaluates the peri-articular tranexamic acid injection in total knee arthroplasty which is an alternative route of administration for blood loss reduction. Half of participants will receive intravenous tranexamic acid injection, while the other half will receive peri-articular tranexamic acid injection during total knee arthroplasty.
Intravenous tranexamic acid (IV TXA) is one of the most effective agents in use for reducing blood loss following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) but its safety regarding venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) remains in question. The direct, local application of TXA may reduce systemic toxicity whilst maintaining good or better bleeding control compared to IV TXA. The topical application of TXA via Hemovac drains has been reported previously with good results. However, there are no data on peri-articular TXA injections during TKA.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Peri-articular group | Experimental | Patients received 750 mg of peri-articular Tranexamic acid (Transamin®; OLIC Thailand Ltd, Bangkok, Thailand; 250 mg/5 mL, 15 cc total volume) injection into the soft tissue around medial capsule (5 ml), lateral capsule (5 ml) and around the quadriceps muscle (5 ml), 10 minutes prior to deflating the tourniquet and wound closure. |
|
| Intravenous group | Active Comparator | Patients received 750 mg of intravenous tranexamic acid(250 mg/5 ml, 15 cc total volume, keeping within the therapeutic range of 10-15 mg/kg/dose), 10 minutes prior to deflating the tourniquet and wound closure. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peri-articular tranexamic acid | Drug | 750 mg of peri-articular TXA, prior to deflating the tourniquet and wound closure |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The volume of postoperative blood loss in the drain | 48 hours after the operation | |
| Changes from baseline hemoglobin concentrations | 48 hours after the operation | |
| unit of blood transfusion | 48 hours after the operation |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Knee diameter for swelling | At 24 and 48 hours after the operation | |
| number of patient with venous thromboembolism | At 14 days after the operation |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Piya Pinsornsak, MD | Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat university | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Orthopaedic department, Thammasat university hospital | Klongluang | Changwat Pathum Thani | 12120 | Thailand |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 19226044 | Background | Sinclair KC, Clarke HD, Noble BN. Blood management in total knee arthroplasty: a comparison of techniques. Orthopedics. 2009 Jan;32(1):19. doi: 10.3928/01477447-20090101-21. | |
| 19302453 | Background | Gonzalez-Porras JR, Colado E, Conde MP, Lopez T, Nieto MJ, Corral M. An individualized pre-operative blood saving protocol can increase pre-operative haemoglobin levels and reduce the need for transfusion in elective total hip or knee arthroplasty. Transfus Med. 2009 Feb;19(1):35-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3148.2009.00908.x. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020370 | Osteoarthritis, Knee |
| D006470 | Hemorrhage |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010003 | Osteoarthritis |
| D001168 | Arthritis |
| D007592 | Joint Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
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Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014148 | Tranexamic Acid |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003509 | Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids |
| D000146 | Acids, Carbocyclic |
| D002264 | Carboxylic Acids |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
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| Intravenous tranexamic acid | Drug | 750 mg of IV TXA, prior to deflating the tourniquet and wound closure |
|
|
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| 21253725 | Background | Ishida K, Tsumura N, Kitagawa A, Hamamura S, Fukuda K, Dogaki Y, Kubo S, Matsumoto T, Matsushita T, Chin T, Iguchi T, Kurosaka M, Kuroda R. Intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid reduces not only blood loss but also knee joint swelling after total knee arthroplasty. Int Orthop. 2011 Nov;35(11):1639-45. doi: 10.1007/s00264-010-1205-3. Epub 2011 Jan 21. |
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| D012216 |
| Rheumatic Diseases |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |