Containing edible yellow No. 4, edible yellow No. 5, sucrose, silica, talc, oxidized starch, gelatin, magnesium stearate, and palm wax.

Each capsule containing 400 mg of Maca

The Placebo capsule supplement was taken for 14 days (4 capsules per day)

The research assistant will mark four points on the ground in a Y-shape configuration, with each target point positioned 3 meters away from the central point. The participant begins at the central point (P0). The participant must move to the upper-right Marker 1 (P1), touch the marker with the racket, and immediately return to P0. Next, the participant proceeds to Marker 2 (P2), touches it with the racket, and returns to P0. Then, the participant moves backward to Marker 3 (P3), and performs a badminton-specific turning jump along the central line to simulate a rear-court shot scenario, before returning again to P0. This entire sequence constitutes one round. The next round begins immediately after the previous one ends. This test is based on the average time of approximately 210 seconds reported by Wonish et al. (2003) for completing the test. The number of Y-shaped rounds completed within this total time is recorded as the participant's endurance performance.

POMS brief was chosen for this study to evaluate the mood of individuals. After the "Badminton stimulation test" and "Badminton specific endurance test", participants completed the form, and their responses were analyzed using simple statistics. The results were shown in six dimensions, one positive: (1) vigor; and five negatives: (2) tension, (3) depression, (4) anger, (5) fatigue and (6) confusion.

Blood sample were collected at two time points (before and after the badminton stimulation test). According to the manufacturer's instructions, Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity was determined using a commercial SOD activity assay kit, with absorbance analyzed via enzyme immunoassay. A commercial Uric Acid (UA) detection kit was used, and absorbance at 520 nm was measured using an automated enzyme immunoassay analyzer. For Creatine Kinase (CK), blood samples were collected and centrifuged at 1000 g for 20 minutes, with 0.5 mL of serum used for analysis. Absorbance was measured using an automated analyzer

The simulated badminton matches in this trial followed the most recent international competition rules established by the Badminton World Federation (BWF) in 2006, which adopt the "3 × 21 rally point scoring system." Participants were matched with opponents of similar skill levels based on a comprehensive assessment of their previous badminton performance (e.g., rankings, match footage review). The same opponent was used in both trials (Maca supplementation and placebo conditions). During the official test, each participant competed in a three-game singles, where the first player to reach 21 points wins the game. If the score reaches 20-20, the game continues until one player leads by two consecutive points or reaches 30 points first. All other match rules, such as scoring, fouls, and court changes, adhered strictly to official BWF regulations.