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This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the impact of a structured yoga intervention on multidimensional health outcomes in older adults with sleep disturbances. A total of 62 participants aged 60 years and older with varying degrees of sleep disorders were recruited and randomly assigned to either a yoga intervention group or a control group. The intervention group received a standardized yoga program for 4 months, conducted twice weekly (60 minutes per session), and guided by certified instructors. The yoga intervention included physical postures, breathing exercises, and meditation/relaxation techniques. Health outcomes were assessed at baseline, mid-intervention (8 weeks), and post-intervention (16 weeks), across five domains: sleep quality, daytime functioning, cognitive performance, physical fitness, and emotional well-being. This study aims to explore the feasibility, safety, and integrative effects of yoga as a non-pharmacological intervention for promoting health in the aging population.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yoga Intervention Group | Experimental | Participants in this arm received a structured, age-appropriate yoga intervention for a period of 4 months. The program, delivered by certified yoga teachers, integrated physical postures, breathing exercises, and meditation/relaxation techniques designed to improve overall well-being. |
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| Usual Lifestyle Group | No Intervention | Participants in this arm maintained their usual lifestyle during the study period. They did not receive the yoga intervention from this study and only received routine health lifestyle guidance and follow-up. No form of exercise or psychological intervention was conducted during the study. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Structured Yoga Course Intervention | Behavioral | Participants in this arm received a structured yoga course intervention for a period of 4 months. Sessions were held twice weekly, with each lasting 60 minutes. The curriculum was specifically designed to be gentle, slow-paced, and low-impact, making it suitable for older adults while emphasizing body awareness, mind-body integration, and psychological regulation. The course content included: breathing exercises (e.g., basic abdominal breathing combined with simple movements), asana (posture) practice (e.g., seated chair exercises, standing poses, prone poses, supine poses, and side-lying poses, emphasizing muscle activation, joint flexibility, body balance training, and coordination of breath with movement), and meditation and relaxation (e.g., supine rest, moon breath training, and OM chanting). All classes were instructed by experienced yoga teachers certified by the Yoga Alliance. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) | The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is an internationally recognized self-rated questionnaire used to assess subjective sleep quality. A higher total score indicates poorer sleep quality. It encompasses seven components: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction. This study assesses changes in the PSQI total score to determine the impact of yoga intervention on the overall sleep status of older adults with sleep disorders. | Baseline, 2 Months Post-Intervention, and 4 Months Post-Intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) | The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) primarily assesses the likelihood of a participant experiencing sleepiness in various daily situations, serving as a common tool to measure daytime alertness. Higher scores indicate greater levels of sleepiness. | Baseline, 2 Months Post-Intervention, and 4 Months Post-Intervention |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beijing Sport University, | Beijing | Beijing Municipality | 100084 | China |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012893 | Sleep Wake Disorders |
| D007319 | Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| Fatigue Scale-14 (FSS-14) | The Fatigue Scale-14 (FSS-14) assesses the subjective feeling of fatigue in daily life, reflecting the degree of exhaustion caused by sleep disorders. Higher scores indicate greater fatigue. | Baseline, 2 Months Post-Intervention, and 4 Months Post-Intervention |
| Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Beijing Version (MoCA-BJ) | The Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Beijing Version (MoCA-BJ) is a widely used cognitive screening tool for older adults, covering multiple cognitive domains such as memory, attention, language, visuospatial ability, calculation, and orientation | Baseline, 2 Months Post-Intervention, and 4 Months Post-Intervention |
| Lower Limb Major Muscle Group Strength (Quadriceps Femoris, Hamstrings, Triceps Surae, Tibialis Anterior, Iliopsoas) | Assesses the strength of major lower limb muscle groups, including the quadriceps femoris, hamstrings, triceps surae, tibialis anterior, and iliopsoas. Maximum isometric contraction values for both sides are recorded using a MICROFET2 standardized electronic dynamometer to comprehensively reflect individual lower limb support and gait stability. | Baseline, 2 Months Post-Intervention, and 4 Months Post-Intervention |
| Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15) | The Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15) is suitable for rapid screening of depressive symptoms in older adults. Higher scores indicate a greater tendency towards depression. | Baseline, 2 Months Post-Intervention, and 4 Months Post-Intervention |
| Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) | The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) is used to assess subjective anxiety levels. Higher scores indicate greater anxiety. | Baseline, 2 Months Post-Intervention, and 4 Months Post-Intervention |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D020919 | Sleep Disorders, Intrinsic |
| D020920 | Dyssomnias |