This study designed a over-knee automatic step counter device. Then, we evaluated its efficacy on renal function and oxidative stress in patients with chronic kidney disease.

This study is a randomized controlled trial. Patients who consent to participate and pass the screening process will be randomly assigned to groups based on the order of their participation (random by sequence). Patients who join in odd-numbered order, such as 1st, 3rd, 5th, etc., will receive standard care as provided by the hospital (control group). Patients who join in even-numbered order, such as 2nd, 4th, 6th, etc., will receive a walking program. This involves continuous walking exercise for 30 minutes, once a day, three days a week, over a period of three months. During the walking sessions, patients will walk at a pace of 60 steps per minute, or one step per second.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male or female
• Aged between 18 and 59 years
• Diagnosed by a physician with chronic kidney disease stage 2-4, with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) between 15-89 milliliters per minute, persisting for at least 3 months

Exclusion Criteria:

• No musculoskeletal disorders that hinder walking, such as osteoarthritis
• Not engaging in regular exercise (less than 3 times per week or less than 150 minutes per week)
• Not regularly taking medications or supplements containing antioxidants

There is no plan to make individual participant data (IPD) available to other researchers.

Outcome assessors were blinded to the intervention administered to each patient.